{"locale":"en-DE","entries":{"k102ruvapbm7":"Not on four of five measures","k1046dwv8a5d":"Screenings","k10hqhjjjvfe":"How many employees in Germany are reported sick on average over the year?#","k10idchn7jdk":"75% versus 66%","k10oos9tiuyy":"Mobile navigation","k10yv0l5zaiz":"53% of employees","k10znar5dyf7":"Four of these provisions contain figures, so they are key figures in their own right. The full text of each section is available at gesetze-im-internet.de.","k111crj5a48w":"€54,066 median, €64,441 mean","k118lv0278hi":"Link to this section: How long does a sick note for mental illness last?","k118n6olo7ik":"9.3%","k11l5xdpy7kz":"own projection, not an official value","k11qnvny3y1r":"54. Mental health at work","k11s33o6ddxu":"every 2 to 3 years","k11xucndhnfa":"What sickness absence rate does Barmer report?#","k121beozo46i":"1 July 2027","k12aoxa8stwf":"Link to this section: How many organisations run holistic corporate health management?","k12blg3swkv":"HEALTH PRIME","k12d9mnkl9g5":"M00-M99","k12g6d82ebj4":"4Mental health at work#","k12gc6pz29y5":"DAK figures","k12mlre0xyb7":"Source value","k12tc5zi1skk":"ICD-10","k12vlf38ytzi":"Date","k12xjnegmj2u":"5","k136nh3ze9d3":"Days of incapacity for work in Germany, 2024","k137n0skwh1r":"official texts, freely quotable","k13b9uklctqc":"medical treatment costs","k13gp2ge4syv":"Full register","k13jag1buv09":"Statutory text","k13r8lhbs1y1":"total per insured person","k13tj7w2i7c5":"15","k13x2zswpumr":"The following claims circulate in the German corporate health management market. We list them here because leaving them out without explanation would look like an oversight, and because the reasoning is more useful than the figure.","k146076mj82q":"Absence cost calculator","k14b0apxecle":"+164% since 2006","k14f9654z5rk":"What does the breakdown by study quality show?#","k14ifan3hmev":"Link to this section: How many employees in Germany are reported sick on an annual average?","k14lsmxq0sr0":"ongoing","k14n827zk7cs":"How many organisations carry out a risk assessment of mental strain?#","k14oy7q3e5df":"Leave empty to use the default (14.6).","k14t5v8l3tep":"Gross annual earnings per employee","k14vrrn19ln4":"Section 10","k14yi1c7tt6f":"Executive Medical Office (for companies)","k14znbvh4m9w":"IAB Establishment Panel 2012","k15a1bgf6n1x":"no conditions stated. Quote with attribution","k15camkhf9ha":"Loss of gross value added (€258 per day of incapacity)","k15cccvcmhaj":"How many accidents at work are there in Germany each year?#","k15fl2fqhxzw":"BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024","k15gn3zo2th0":"GKV total, Sections 20 et seq.","k15suazfu1df":"Link to this section: How many employees know of a workplace health promotion offer at their workplace?","k15zzm6lt3p2":"2,064,293","k1617mla66ty":"4.1","k161rkomnbu7":"direct cost of illness by diagnosis group","k1632ctzea6z":"In which sectors is the sickness absence rate highest?#","k167jf6kaejr":"Link to this section: How engaged are employees in Germany?","k167n2900xs6":"Destatis, Labour Cost Survey","k16b7hwq5o8h":"Bowel cancer screening","k16bugqg8i1c":"Link to this section: How many working days do employees in Germany miss per year?","k16d3sucp9dm":"€600 per employee per year","k16fqkzok73a":"Persons in employment and employees as denominators","k16jg2ygqvj8":"2021","k16lpr24i6pl":"What is mandatory and what is optional, works council, occupational physician, health insurance fund, taxes and process, with a readiness check and planner.","k16m31pgoqox":"250 and over","k16m9c6q88xe":"DAK-Gesundheit, Gesundheitsreport and Psychreport","k16n1uttjfq0":"21.98 calendar days","k16sysm1lxlp":"Days of incapacity, production loss, loss of gross value added, breakdown by diagnosis and industry","k16w3swmrtjx":"Working days, all employees","k1708u1lp5c9":"12.7 working days (1991), 8.1 (2007), 14.6 (2025)","k170gvoakjyh":"Where does the common formula '€1 returns €2.50 to €4.80' come from?#","k170mwauf8x5":"1615. Citing this page","k172118ek1vc":"Increase in days of absence due to mental disorders since 2006, age-adjusted","k172qo8whtlb":"5.65","k176r8la153o":"From a 2001 US literature review, via a chain of three reports","k17h78g9zrlo":"WHO","k17iyjiet9tc":"Statutory texts","k17j1gguem4x":"Fact sheet version of 2 September 2024, originally 2022","k17kz7jq9yt1":"27%","k17mhjv87sbm":"Direct costs of illness (€491.6 billion)","k17rvkludqok":"Terms and conditions","k17t0gg26q0e":"5.4%, 19.5 days of absence","k17x34iw1dzl":"Link to this section: Absence in Germany","k17xrh8lkrdz":"Domestic concept, annual average","k180mnzg8pyr":"26.1","k186m5d07tlo":"Thyroid ultrasound","k1883hmvn93g":"Overhead factor (estimate)","k189iontsiz7":"March 2027","k18e211q0rzx":"Data year 2012, too old, shown here only as a historical pointer, not as a current figure","k18fr8s03qrj":"Link to this section: Why this page gives some figures twice","k18hikidh196":"On the sickness absence rate","k18mexbn2bnr":"Sections 7 and 10","k18oc59kzg5l":"Link to this section: Which figure does the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health use?","k18pf309mval":"Contractual working days per year","k18ptnbks061":"roughly every 6 years (2006, 2012, 2018, 2024)","k18rqbc7e0or":"Frequency","k18vy5sdkc1m":"Close menu","k195be9owvav":"dl-de/by-2-0","k19803tm2jcu":"9","k198ohwp4aze":"as BAuA above","k19bsurpmf9a":"€85.6 billion","k19evllpceco":"29,668","k19fd6umn37o":"Link to this section: Has work intensity increased in Germany?","k19fdx0rqlo6":"21","k19fxydompl9":"no terms of use printed. Cite as 'Statistik der Deutschen Rentenversicherung, Rentenzugang 2025'. Enquiries: statistik-bln@drv-bund.de","k19iw0ndtyl9":"1 to 9 employees","k19ku9vg2a2j":"Minimum","k19qlhbjg2yy":"13,132","k1a1whxrsscn":"754,660 reportable accidents at work","k1a4ejam1nv3":"Calendar days","k1a4epr0afn2":"Private Medical Office","k1a70ngqh6g2":"Print or save as PDF","k1aqa7gk2jc3":"53%","k1as5ms7faxf":"IAB, Linked Personnel Panel","k1aw66crnrll":"14Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why#","k1ay6sicw1ey":"10 to 49","k1aypi2av6op":"Link to this section: What share of reduced earning capacity pensions is due to mental illness?","k1b1uz87gzc3":"Sections 4, 7 and 9","k1b5k726q8hu":"no information on the fact sheet page. WHO publications are usually CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO, not verified","k1ba78ygxqqw":"Link to this section: What, then, is the robust argument?","k1bbtixbnp3s":"July","k1bj310ulu9e":"Destatis 2025: 14.6 working days","k1bo0ctz0lcw":"All AOK figures, short version","k1bo1bynaods":"28,142","k1bu6fta2vrs":"If any of these is missing, the figure does not appear. The fifth item is the German addition: because of the incomparability described in Section 1, a German absence figure without its base cannot be cited.","k1bulsdgvh35":"1110. Legal framework and funding","k1c0mhum0bj1":"freely accessible journal issue, academic citation style","k1c0oubc9kor":"€2.15","k1c14mdeixjn":"before 2000","k1c1b43y9qyn":"Tile 2, Section 3","k1c2hhkv7olq":"September 2026","k1c30b6hlbpp":"239,911,574","k1c7op5hv5oh":"1514. Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why","k1c8h06wo1gv":"For projects in Germany, your point of contact is the Swiss company. Before every project, we clarify the scope, the parties involved and the data protection arrangements in writing.","k1cgpdoj82g7":"Group","k1clp6tj8gp5":"Who works sick particularly often?#","k1clw82rtqun":"with control group","k1cmezl9i2q":"8.49","k1cnwo8rofzd":"GKV-Spitzenverband and Medizinischer Dienst Bund","k1cof6mthq0y":"GDA / National Occupational Safety and Health Conference, establishment and employee survey","k1cujigjpl08":"Back to home","k1d969yhccsu":"Depression in the world of work, in-house points of contact","k1de89rh5hs3":"Number of employees (full-time equivalents)","k1dgklb41nt1":"On the ROI question","k1dqaj82mvx4":"881.5 million","k1dwgfho0bse":"historical origin of the presenteeism and ROI figures in circulation","k1dzix9t7rkr":"1,951,975","k1dzmjr0edgg":"roughly every 5 to 6 years","k1e1ld98u9t":"Modelling","k1ekvu0jyhf5":"100%","k1em0t2p5nts":"HEALTH PRIME. (2026). BGM-Kennzahlen Deutschland 2026: Krankenstand, Fehlzeiten und Kosten in Zahlen. https://health-prime.org/de-de/bgm-zahlen-deutschland","k1emg3m9ai65":"Evaluation report under Section 20a(6) SGB V","k1envw3keif7":"entgeltfortzahlung-iw-2025","k1ezmbo49qzj":"Employers' expenditure on continued payment of wages during sickness, 2025","k1ezrmkwrz3y":"Link to this section: How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?","k1fd3u7ssf50":"At what company size is an occupational safety committee required?#","k1fh2lbau5h7":"Melanoma screening","k1fstccyxsb0":"Introducing a health programme","k1fuodko89zz":"9.21","k1fv4s8vvbv7":"21. Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared","k1fvzpwpoi1k":"Productivity loss (€152 per day of incapacity)","k1fzrio946xl":"6.2","k1g0p8g8om01":"28.5 to 42.1 days per case","k1g1pkm5jetd":"annually, end of November","k1g6ogimsiyq":"42.0%","k1g78j9gynrx":"BAuA / BMAS, 'Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit' (SuGA) and cost sheet","k1g96boa8g1":"First place on one measure, mid-table on the other","k1gfw9rce3ew":"Link to this section: What is the direct cost of illness in Germany?","k1giuxm26rn2":"3.0","k1gmeeruwp35":"Link to this section: The absence cost calculator","k1gnwgjpdsf8":"And what the works council has to do with it#","k1gtxljilkgz":"Tax-free allowance under Section 3 no. 34 EStG for your workforce: up to €150,000 a year (€600 per employee, subject to the conditions explained in the business case in section 11).","k1gtxq0g0tjl":"14.6 working days","k1gxoxsp5863":"1,302,383","k1gz9csbqpz7":"This page explains the publicly available evidence and legal position for educational purposes. It is not legal, tax or medical advice. In any individual case, the linked legal texts and your professional advisers are authoritative.","k1h2ccu7s7fv":"Link to this section: Which establishments does health insurance fund funding reach?","k1h49ubg46dg":"Controls the BAuA default settings and the sector comparison. L 68 Real estate activities is not available; the BAuA itself describes the figure for that sector as an artefact.","k1h932qjfqql":"2.8","k1hdqr3ms93a":"Update against the WIdO Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2026 and the Gallup Engagement Index Deutschland 2026","k1hgom5j48uf":"20","k1hhorhosmr6":"Prevalence, costs, treatment rates, secondary citations","k1hl5tnwnflb":"6.23 million people in employment","k1hldy9fao72":"Licence and reuse","k1hm75yimzz7":"Change","k1hnsbcm1r2c":"What the figure is good for","k1hqjmss08kd":"Sickness absence rate table","k1hr0bqlodne":"Claim","k1hrnwxk6l42":"Link to this section: What does the breakdown by study quality show?","k1hvu3s89qee":"Link to this section: How common are mental illnesses in the adult population?","k1hynvp6xxmb":"Organisations that carry out the risk assessment of mental stress, a legal requirement since 2013, 2025","k1i47gwxm4ot":"This page summarises the current key figures on absence, sickness absence, mental health and corporate health management in Germany, each figure with source, data year, publication year and basis. According to the Federal Statistical Office, sickness absence in 2025 averaged 14.6 working days per employee. In 2025, employers spent around €85.6 billion on continued payment of wages during sickness.","k1i6p5wasu92":"What sickness absence rate does the AOK report?#","k1i74kqen947":"5.83%","k1iaqxa41f31":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does Barmer report?","k1idgvp4g31g":"Ad hoc sample, n = 208 to 293","k1iejlvqkkk4":"€38 billion in indirect costs","k1ihcq42swcm":"Link to this section: Where does the widespread formula '€1 yields €2.50 to €4.80' come from?","k1il8w5iiddm":"© 2013 - 2026 Health Prime AG","k1im653nyf81":"Link to this section: What do mental illnesses cost the national economy?","k1ipf8dpj556":"Techniker Krankenkasse","k1ir0khemczh":"Sickness absence per employee, 2025","k1itj9gtenpj":"Germany","k1iu6j64hkm2":"Sections 7 and 8","k1j04ook007f":"Link to this section: What are the macroeconomic costs of incapacity for work in lost output?","k1j6a8z3rst0":"establishments reached","k1j6ghssl9s2":"1413. Methodology and updates","k1jaez8s12o7":"98. Is corporate health management worth it? What the evidence says about ROI","k1jb9r37pd22":"2018","k1jbcifwvl7k":"a named publisher,","k1jcvq8x1p80":"approx. 5,000 employees from 846 establishments","k1jdtc198mke":"2015","k1jeqwr1hxfb":"Introducing a health programme in Germany","k1jh2c5x0nkq":"What do mental illnesses cost the national economy?#","k1jhm7helamn":"68.3%","k1jpu7gpndh3":"Gallup, Engagement Index Deutschland","k1jznwnmj296":"around 2.2 million people in employment","k1k2l5nvyaq5":"2026","k1k33k99uzur":"Sickness absence rate in working days, share of employees reported sick, series from 1991","k1kikqxm6eqg":"How much can an employer invest tax-free in health promotion?#","k1knncp6qn5m":"n = 550, five German centres","k1kqdq2yrtk4":"16.7%","k1kwd21q0jfp":"Mental and behavioural disorders","k1kwp8jv8ugw":"First time at number 1 in the first half of 2026","k1l3it4hxrze":"How is accident risk related to establishment size?#","k1l5idq63wa4":"Vein screening","k1laib7qw52h":"Share of mental disorders in new pensions for reduced earning capacity, 2024","k1lb2r8jv2pq":"Skip to content","k1lfaoqcaqo":"544,476,491","k1lg4zcdjy09":"Yes, since 25 October 2013, for every employer","k1lkfutzpl2k":"537,678,717","k1llqjxebqo1":"4.5","k1lmddcdok1o":"GKV Prevention Guide, revised version","k1lnvod92bu8":"Link to this section: What share of days of absence is due to long-term illness?","k1lq22c7bdy":"Germany publishes something citable roughly every six weeks. This page is updated to match. The calendar below shows when each figure changes.","k1ltgixz2nlx":"Contents","k1lulz5i9d72":"Latest data year","k1ly68l44llz":"Calendar days, 3.52 million persons in the labour force, standardised","k1m53luhxze0":"In this section the gap is widest between what circulates in the German corporate health management market and what can be evidenced. We give the figures that can be evidenced and say so where there are none.","k1mai93me46d":"FRIAA (Rothermund et al.; Mulfinger et al.)","k1mcctz2dqtm":"Sample","k1md8i87iycm":"23,221","k1meb5v1d131":"Link to this section: What absence costs","k1mhjszkktks":"18.1%","k1mi5wiwuxwe":"Federal Statistical Office (IAB working time accounts)","k1mjgx8qdp26":"6","k1ml13fz87q3":"plus the forgone contribution to value added, including operating surplus","k1mzksbp1fzc":"ROI evidence, syntheses of effectiveness","k1n4fyp67pjd":"not stated","k1n5skr7zl4e":"22.3 calendar days","k1n6k58dlzyf":"Sickness absence rate 2025","k1n927q29qg6":"Legal notice","k1napujztj1n":"158,123,580","k1nbh56tecy7":"all establishments","k1nc1csn80xx":"Year","k1nfj2ecdapg":"1.7% of gross domestic product per year","k1nhgzmlubc7":"2009","k1nhknqzowno":"473,904,764","k1noho0fvf3b":"produktionsausfall-baua-2024","k1nveabb486v":"generally attribution, dataset freely available via GESIS. Figures for Germany only via the data tool or Lunau et al. (2026)","k1o0tnnswv7j":"au-tage-gesamt-baua-2024","k1o28uibypaf":"under 100 participants","k1o76fktaff":"How many employees are signed off sick at least once in a year?#","k1o7ya0xl0a1":"F00-F99","k1ofkhzh8g3t":"K 64-66 Financial and insurance services","k1ofsnwnnon1":"€0.92 against €1.13 per insured person","k1oly4kh2add":"Service navigation","k1oq2oo61q9v":"50 to 249","k1ov21d4wyac":"BKK Dachverband (monthly series)","k1oyc6dze5pi":"12","k1p2abeb8r29":"Employees, representative, n = 20,006","k1p56jyexhi":"How many days of incapacity for work occur in Germany in total?#","k1p7yo48cuua":"20.8 calendar days","k1p8p7gy6bp4":"Default for days of absence","k1p8xcpwa2nw":"Deutsche Rentenversicherung (German Pension Insurance)","k1paz74hgc9b":"2,693 versus 1,744 days of absence per 100 insured","k1pbq2qbe05j":"257,421,055","k1pf81t92vfw":"Medium study quality","k1pims7t7ppa":"Genetic Sciences overview","k1pqlkyawo7p":"Link to this section: What share of days of absence is due to mental illness?","k1pqvj2vyasg":"Link to this section: How many establishments also assess mental stress as part of it?","k1pv8fvxipne":"as above. Use the publisher's citation guidance","k1pvdmp8rymo":"2020","k1pwvjrv5zjr":"Basis","k1pzhbqtcmyi":"As at March 2026","k1q6v8w973mj":"1.2","k1q7idbp7ntb":"IW Köln, IW-Kurzbericht and IW-Report","k1q86tmvxy5f":"Table, scrolls horizontally","k1qbi7z0s9vc":"OECD administrative data versus EU Labour Force Survey","k1qjrg593kle":"Link to this section: How do the health insurance funds measure the success of the measures they fund?","k1qqpjlzmphh":"25","k1qstf9pabr0":"€282.0 million","k1qt976aqmfl":"What is measured","k1qwmx41ozkb":"Link to this section: What does the best-controlled German study find?","k1qwnbcxvzft":"134.3","k1qxf9x8qu8w":"Stratum","k1qxqvnlf942":"Link to this section: Which occupational disease is recognised most often in Germany?","k1qxud1kiu12":"#whatsnext 2025","k1r95yjemj2a":"2.19","k1rfpz9482pe":"18 of 978, or 2%","k1rmda4gavtv":"Has work intensity increased in Germany?#","k1rqtero97hx":"5.08%, 18.5 days of absence","k1rueord51ke":"Summary: the key figures at a glance#","k1s2pebu0xx5":"April","k1s7w7om8l3r":"not applied","k1sbt7vmjmef":"Link to this section: List of sources","k1sjbkhqzxr0":"24.3","k1sjuggx4j8k":"Production loss per day of incapacity for work, 2024","k1sln4qviacw":"2023 to 2050 (projection)","k1spe1dskxv1":"February / autumn","k1svv2iajlag":"What does mental illness cost the European economy?#","k1syxoy2x883":"Update of the KM1 monthly series and of our own annual mean calculation","k1szylr1juuv":"around €3.79","k1t3tskpujxj":"October 2026","k1t6rqd1e8s9":"Why do calendar days and working days differ so much?#","k1t84h6zz6sw":"Full survey of the funds' documentation","k1t92kzrerre":"Statutory health insurance spending on workplace health promotion, 2024, reaching 28,142 businesses, number of businesses down 5%","k1t95eqofi7e":"6.4%, 23.3 days of absence","k1tepf71mffi":"monthly sickness absence rate, official federal series","k1tjz0zjr512":"65. Presenteeism: what is established and what is not","k1tl23iv5keo":"317,497,792","k1toapcsnpjw":"All screenings","k1trgvmhne3w":"7.49","k1tvjyuafkak":"GKV-Spitzenverband, Leitfaden Prävention","k1tz9d589h3b":"52%","k1u40z7tgoax":"2023","k1u42s9r3cye":"Sickness absence rate, days of absence, affected rate, mental disorders","k1u8s1rz78xr":"Which gross annual earnings figure is the right basis for calculation?#","k1udmbewoijy":"Employers in Germany, estimate based on the Sozialbudget","k1ug2wt9md7q":"3.1","k1ui6r4wh0f9":"What is the return on investment of workplace health promotion?#","k1ui8cvd1fg2":"BAuA 2024: 20.8 calendar days","k1utat3qvcf1":"1.0 to 2.0. There is no German primary source for this factor; 1.0 means no overhead.","k1v1zpbjb0ia":"hours worked","k1v6tf701p0y":"What does statutory accident insurance pay out in compensation?#","k1vbp6278utx":"19,544","k1vdjvpsph6n":"6.02%, 21.98 days of absence","k1vitso4rarx":"19.4%","k1vmvk7rtyxi":"10,922","k1vq3tm7bsa5":"2Absence in Germany#","k1vw02i5s9pt":"The eight values side by side (conflict register, row 1)#","k1vw3w38dlsv":"Whole economy","k1vwbztl8fh0":"19.5 calendar days","k1vxrvjjrj01":"Link to this section: At what company size is an occupational safety committee required?","k1vxspcqe8o9":"How many establishments carry out a risk assessment at all?#","k1vz41orsdev":"Sickness absence rate, days of absence, age analysis, mental illness, half-year figures","k1vzadbp8hg4":"Which establishments do the health insurance funds' programmes reach?#","k1w6dyfocbgd":"Company","k1waf48nc054":"Services","k1waiu87j4tk":"How many working days a year are employees in Germany absent?#","k1wd0sxrvmm5":"8","k1wleq9lt3pe":"per insured person","k1wqkayehkfw":"BKK Gesundheitsreport; BAuA cost sheet and SuGA","k1wqx6540cy3":"+164%","k1wubzd3wh2n":"Medical Family Office","k1ww7aavg7x6":"Federal publication, use with attribution. Do not mirror the PDF","k1wxg4zb8cyd":"Are the health insurance funds meeting their own targets?#","k1wz60d8yx53":"881.5 million days of incapacity","k1x0k4ltiz5g":"€152","k1x11fnrymwv":"Reference date 1st of the month, members entitled to sickness benefit","k1x3nm2haf3u":"11Frequently asked questions#","k1x8gxuvntp7":"€2.44","k1xcrb5un3mm":"Planned change","k1xctxenwoos":"Productivity loss (€ billion)","k1xdocca4btr":"Link to this section: Is Germany the 'world champion of sickness'?","k1xe98yaulpe":"BAuA working time survey, wave 6, around 13,000 persons","k1xhtbbvggpa":"What it provides","k1xipmg7vatf":"On the prevalence of corporate health management","k1xk7j21qlp":"annually, April","k1xoyd8doehh":"Report 2024, monthly series 2025","k1xqie3dn6jd":"generally attribution, check for each publication","k1xwy3sb3t2l":"Open menu","k1yc1erqtt4b":"New screenings for 2026","k1ygjecd2jjh":"Techniker Krankenkasse, Gesundheitsreport","k1yt6kfex7ab":"DGUV, Arbeitsunfallgeschehen und Statistiken für die Praxis","k1ytv0nl9x6c":"Medical Family Office submenu","k1yxiilsaonb":"What does the best-controlled German study find?#","k1yxjaz2t1bw":"annually, December","k1z3hw49bnqx":"Maximum","k1z5i7cjbu2u":"42.0%","k1z86d9sh5m1":"More than 20 employees","k1z9kmo5wnku":"146,901,330","k1zbw7km3f8x":"Nutrition coaching","k1zg210z6ppg":"For comparison: for the whole economy the BAuA reports a productivity loss of €152 and a loss of gross value added of €258 per day of incapacity (data year 2024). The BAuA calculates across all employees including part-time staff; this method of calculation uses the pay you enter.","k1zkyulgazs7":"16,742","k1zlplc8nqtt":"#whatsnext 2025 (IFBG, TK, Haufe), n = 1,441, self-selected sample","k1zpff4kxe55":"Report 40: literature 2012 to 2018","k1zqmxysp8hz":"psyche-anteil-baua-2024","k201dihoypwf":"Facts & Figures submenu","k202qpgmiygh":"More facts on workplace health","k2049okm5g9b":"Link to this section: What is the accident rate?","k20fuy41289l":"And as a general principle","k20fztmlnouj":"Data protection, confidentiality and co-determination in corporate health management","k20k1h5mys52":"1.8","k20owe87l742":"109. Germany in international comparison","k20pndjoap36":"What share of days of absence is due to mental illness?#","k20qdhfri4cx":"73%","k20s8g0psbex":"This calculator shows your cost volume, not your savings potential. No one can reliably predict, for an individual company, how much of it workplace health measures could influence. The methodologically strongest studies find contradictory effects or none. We therefore do not calculate a saving for you.","k20sbm1fa5rf":"C-E 10-39 Manufacturing and production (excluding mining and construction)","k20wmwrjftyi":"iga (Initiative Gesundheit und Arbeit)","k212w4amaavo":"Statutory health insurance spending on prevention and workplace health promotion, establishments and employees reached, distribution by size and industry","k2157bb74xhi":"roughly annually, December","k21a83tff72s":"13Methodology and updates#","k21bhvb14pbz":"How many employees know that their company offers workplace health promotion?#","k21ktysaukew":"Sickness absence rate, days of incapacity, federal states, long-term cases, types of illness","k21w9tw4t9n5":"12.0% to 21.9%","k21yf0aq6lrj":"Workplace health promotion total (euros)","k21zr7kepchi":"32.6 million GKV member-years","k221jm9892z0":"5.9% (share of people reported sick)","k2284gv7q6h3":"Anchor","k22c6rt2hd6y":"July / August","k22ff2i0yneu":"4.16 to 6.73%, monthly","k22kes6zw6g4":"How much do German employers pay each year for continued payment of wages?#","k22n6rxuyija":"n = 1,514, self-selected, weighted towards large employers","k22rig8moaiy":"10% with high emotional engagement","k22usg2kg09l":"Link to this section: How many organisations implement the risk assessment of mental stress?","k22wkkg32wb5":"€152 per day of incapacity","k22y57lxtsyq":"Respiratory system","k231yvf0k3hq":"Link to this section: Why do calendar days and working days differ so much?","k237tug2pk9k":"psyche-trend-tk-2025","k237vphlw62h":"Figure","k23buiip7wyw":"Link to this section: What is the return on investment of workplace health promotion?","k23hwozd3414":"16Change log#","k23nlqpuy8ej":"Pharmacogenetics","k23oa3zy4zyu":"printed in the GKV/MD Prevention Report 2025","k23otjc37dta":"Section 7, time series","k23qpyaerem8":"What is the loss of gross value added?#","k23vab2tphl":"free PDF with DOI, academic citation style. Employer-funded institute with a declared political position","k23vnfmo03om":"only GKV members entitled to sickness benefit","k23ypx2mtamc":"5,283 persons, online panel","k241qhc3g5q1":"Screenings submenu","k245giyrglx9":"Link to this section: Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared","k24emjk4z7o1":"News","k24ep3x76xca":"2025 (page updated July 2026)","k24jy0h7r8zd":"Link to this section: What role does the electronic certificate of incapacity for work play in the rise since 2022?","k24khm2j4230":"G-I 45-56 Trade, transport and hospitality","k24nql1u4x0i":"881.5","k24o22kpxddw":"17.27 per 1,000 full-time equivalents","k24svp6lhesn":"Days of incapacity (million)","k24ujxu9jhs7":"41.1%","k24v4nq3w1d8":"Date","k250rlgk1gvo":"4.49","k251kvqnbtbi":"Who bears the cost","k251mzlt5kxk":"As at September 2026","k252d85ek4t3":"APA","k253vo1r43pu":"Context, not a target","k257kgph9ju9":"Risk assessment and mental health in the metal and electrical industry","k25bcoaano79":"5.4%","k25giweo1dpm":"What does a day of absence cost according to Gallup?#","k25hhxfxrrz0":"Sector (WZ 2008)","k25jpwgr6hjs":"What sickness absence rate does the federal government itself publish?#","k25qsapnup45":"M-N 69-82 Business services","k25rkbdpgyzd":"Self-reported, survey day plus four weeks","k25vkoyzlnha":"2016","k25xzxq4txov":"AOK / WIdO","k2646od8uiax":"2017","k267plv7sbmr":"What is the annual average of the KM1 monthly values?#","k26a3pqq8y0d":"around €2.73","k26apccsqkxf":"68.6%","k26dx9gpsuox":"GKV-Spitzenverband and Medizinischer Dienst Bund, Präventionsbericht","k26fb4hlrgif":"mean ROI","k26fwnq5501o":"What does the World Health Organization say?#","k26g40afvlf9":"krankenstand-destatis-2025","k26g6h4cxxqd":"Link to this section: Which gross annual earnings figure is the right basis for the calculation?","k26inhsnntxa":"December 2026","k26ks7d6f4jf":"On the legal framework and international figures","k26o468qxhcs":"Link to this section: Legal framework and funding","k26rvn5593oh":"1Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared#","k26xncpwo78a":"Your assumption","k26z5vttkvmd":"March","k271hcf07lbz":"20.8","k27cuukl4g4q":"3.79","k27epvp5q24y":"Link to this section: Three figures, three denominators: the prevalence question answered honestly","k27fsqzn54nu":"Text","k27lh51qr4ic":"11","k27mdtwqynay":"Default 40% (WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Report 2025, data year 2024). Can be overridden.","k27r0bw5in1n":"PLOS ONE, open access, CC BY","k27xcx6zfojw":"Link to this section: How many establishments carry out a risk assessment at all?","k27yqbl55m3j":"How much must a health insurance fund spend on prevention per insured person?#","k280drygrmq9":"Value","k283pnu3clk2":"How engaged are employees in Germany?#","k285i0ai5cx6":"2023/24","k2862r27d1ac":"26,439","k28dv8esxit7":"Federal Statistical Office / IAB","k28h6u3iq61p":"Six weeks at 100%","k28jh87peyrt":"annually, approx. 18 months' lag","k28lqycxz2ur":"Link to this section: What is the loss of gross value added?","k28njlqc5ty5":"1,854,427","k28puyqr9dhm":"2.37","k28s19zr7r81":"6.0","k28usowvluto":"Link to this section: How do people in employment deal with depression at work?","k293q9gs4mfj":"Update against the GKV/MD Prevention Report and the AOK Fehlzeiten-Report 2026 (publication date 2 November 2026, topic mental health)","k2985d1latr8":"around €2.59","k2997519bj7m":"Link to this section: How many employees are there in Germany?","k299cym3lt2s":"What do mental illnesses cost in direct treatment?#","k29d93k43eq0":"Publisher","k29jcmpqxhtw":"€8.53","k29poviarnh8":"Gross annual earnings, median and mean, by industry","k29rd491eefi":"Main navigation","k29s6x38q1qf":"1,768,604","k2a54ryjbmej":"Wage and social insurance costs of the day lost","k2a9j6g5jwax":"annual","k2a9yun94rk6":"1716. Change log","k2aaarcf2xhe":"Which figure applies for 2025, and why is it different?#","k2aaj6jiinf":"15.6","k2ahb7g3zbsr":"Link to this section: And what the works council has to do with it","k2ak3f7pu4js":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does Techniker Krankenkasse report?","k2akqdro8ato":"Update calendar#","k2aopcz2h552":"How many establishments also assess mental strain as part of it?#","k2artas3j1to":"10","k2as8t0flmbx":"irregular","k2axbqyg8dqz":"WhatsApp Chat","k2b4bfb2lius":"Section 3 no. 34 EStG","k2b8qgg9n4zd":"Barmer / bifg","k2b9dgvuuth3":"7.93","k2bc2i3ig4nn":"August / September","k2bd7sk4b83w":"Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund","k2bdosb88160":"Establishment size","k2biumlroj6":"147.3","k2bjn19dkiq6":"2.4","k2blae158ns5":"not reported","k2bof6buyenl":"What is the accident rate?#","k2bpunlj46q2":"€347.20 per day of absence","k2bt7sdigwmy":"Share of days of absence in cases lasting more than six weeks","k2bv3skcrjtz":"The business case for corporate health management in Germany","k2by1txznpla":"Employees who went to work sick at least once in 2016","k2bybneq2mrg":"How European establishments deal with psychosocial risks","k2c0f0w3olyf":"IAB, Linked Personnel Panel and IAB-Forum","k2c1bcvminxj":"1,975,093","k2c34xprutv7":"4.4","k2c7g3q2fe4l":"Population","k2c7p4ju8ja6":"No figure appears on this page without five pieces of information:","k2c7vx37k0vh":"4","k2cdylayn0et":"36.2% of the rise in respiratory illness","k2cefllgauo9":"20.8 days of incapacity","k2cei2l8mkwm":"Full-time employees, including special payments","k2ceze58znbd":"How many organisations run holistic corporate health management?#","k2chhu5vmrjf":"Link to this section: When must an employer offer occupational reintegration management?","k2clbkz6bccv":"Update against the BAuA cost sheet and the SuGA report for reporting year 2025, and the BKK Gesundheitsreport","k2cm2ohhlrhs":"4.9","k2cp7ag0lodp":"96%","k2cps1bn8cqo":"Low study quality","k2cuo3gm6gun":"12 billion working days, around US$1 trillion","k2cxjppn0hfl":"1Summary: the key figures at a glance","k2cyjhkdv0dg":"SGB V, SGB IX, EFZG, ArbSchG, ASiG, EStG, BetrVG","k2cyxp96lqlt":"7.18","k2d0tr2dq0rp":"BAuA, BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey and baua: Fakten","k2d5j3qn27q3":"Link to this section: The eight values side by side (conflict register, row 1)","k2d8zwnuqr35":"Link to this section: What does a day of absence cost the national economy?","k2dc4m1yf8nt":"January 2027","k2ddtfawuxib":"21 versus 22 days of absence, no significant effect, not cost-effective","k2djg7u7lvpz":"76,246,272","k2djmv8cbnh3":"Link to this section: What does statutory accident insurance pay in compensation?","k2dkxyzmvsq0":"€3.15","k2domhx6z32a":"Link to this section: What does mental illness cost the European economy?","k2drj8egaecr":"A misattribution we correct here#","k2dt7pd18u66":"Musculoskeletal 19.4%, respiratory system 18.1%, mental disorders 16.7%","k2dteijdf28p":"J 58-63 Information and communication","k2duru8jmucn":"worldwide","k2dy7vvv31kg":"annually, March","k2e8vve77qle":"Why do the statutory health insurance funds report such different shares for mental illness?#","k2e9l1q6e81w":"Link to this section: How has workplace health promotion funding developed since the Prevention Act?","k2ebjrt0f2av":"Link to this section: In which federal states is the sickness absence rate highest?","k2ed35svfzoz":"5.08% (standardised)","k2epbgwsgihu":"Organisations, n up to 1,529, self-selected, skewed towards large employers","k2erfi8tbtvk":"annually, June and October","k2evemme17uv":"2025","k2ezxnl7e5lp":"How common are mental illnesses in the adult population?#","k2f2v3dc1qyh":"Link to this section: Why do the health insurance funds report such different shares for mental illness?","k2f4n1vgqr0l":"around €9.04","k2f50co523ab":"630,802,920","k2f7kqgmvbg7":"GKV/MD Prevention Report","k2f86owozqpg":"What share of days of absence is due to long-term illness?#","k2fb9qouf81l":"DAK Gesundheitsreport and half-year analysis","k2feoky5xmof":"approx. 20 qualitative company interviews, reference year 2009","k2ff2tuu7xo8":"Federal Ministry of Health, statutory health insurance statistics KM1","k2fgq7ldyfgw":"26.8%","k2fhqwqkl1t7":"the year of publication,","k2fhxfks423h":"Concept","k2fi7wpzukl1":"159.2","k2fi8lmmnkir":"WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Bilanz for the previous year","k2fqqhnjnzw5":"Calendar days, approx. 2.2 million insured people in employment","k2fqx4m298o2":"corporate health management maturity, budgets, risk assessment of mental stress","k2ft1990jp3g":"Sickness absence rate, absence, costs, mental health and the spread of corporate health management in Germany: 77 key figures from 35 sources, each with its publisher, data year, basis and primary link.","k2ftborjdrxb":"Production losses due to incapacity for work, 3.0% of gross national income, 2024","k2fx7gzyp3o7":"All BAuA figures","k2g0qmjgpwti":"Noise-induced hearing loss, 8,897 recognitions","k2g1jwcpmh2q":"Link to this section: How many occupational diseases are reported and recognised?","k2g2g2a20i9e":"Presenteeism prevalence and days","k2g3q578r6et":"Link to this section: Methodology and updates","k2hl0ol6a2s":"Establishments, representative, n = 3,817","k2k2wo0a6rl":"The German six-week average (approximated from the share)","k2k573c6hhb":"About us","k2sr3ntuvgt":"This calculation runs entirely in your browser. No data is transmitted to us.","k2ulg460hfp":"3.50","k38r1um3v1b":"76. Accidents at work and occupational diseases","k3apscp5lwe":"686,182,779","k3av335ze63":"The legal notice permits free quotation from publications 'unaltered and in context' with correct attribution. Logo and images excluded","k3dz2sf88u3":"AOK/WIdO Fehlzeiten-Report (book)","k3fgxygomy5":"€282.0 million, with falling reach","k3g9csqkn9h":"roughly every 5 years","k3ikpz9t3j5":"all diagnosis groups","k3os5o34l2w":"O-Q, S Public and other services, education, health","k3to0godab8":"How do the health insurance funds gauge the success of what they fund?#","k3vwrmloim6":"cluster-randomised effectiveness study","k3xtaznplwb":"7","k41a4b06u25":"Link to this section: How widespread is presenteeism in Germany?","k41syckc62g":"Continued remuneration costs, methodological analysis of sickness absence","k44ray47je9":"How long does a sick note for mental illness last?#","k478fy47xth":"Employer social insurance contributions (optional)","k4agoenjd0k":"52.0%","k4b1o0v1tsz":"Eye screening","k4bdrlznb3b":"3.2","k4gbd2xhfod":"6.1%","k4ni9qwfwq0":"BKK Dachverband, sickness absence rate for the previous year","k4q947xwyje":"2.18","k4r77y0nxsc":"Link to this section: How do European establishments deal with psychosocial risks?","k4rqmkp7u4f":"Link to this section: How sharply have days of absence due to mental illness risen over the long term?","k4tv1c2owsn":"−3.3","k4useqsqlkb":"First publication. 77 metrics, 35 sources, data from 2016 to 2026, legal position as at September 2026. It includes the first published comparison of eight sources on the German sickness absence rate, the 2015 to 2024 time series on workplace health promotion compiled from four GKV prevention reports, and the full breakdown of the ROI figures by study quality from iga.Report 40.","k56k89w1odl":"DAK-Gesundheit","k56y362dij":"6.4%","k58u2za8jp6":"Link to this section: Which figure applies for 2025, and why is it a different one?","k5cxs22xxq":"no control group","k5i9ay3l87n":"How many occupational diseases are reported and recognised?#","k5niqtc3mim":"Further rules that apply to this page:","k5ov2tax6d8":"Link to this section: Update calendar","k5pll4rg2a8":"€600","k5pscyerc8v":"Link to this section: Who works while ill particularly often?","k5q5jzvvggp":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does AOK report?","k5s9e3n5nu3":"2.3","k5xb9etqf0u":"2025/2026","k62gm3cxi8x":"2.06","k65nqijhtla":"159,407,107","k65vpw92kcd":"Epigenetic coaching","k66ei86gver":"Adjustable from 200 to 250. 365 is not available because a calendar day is not a paid working day.","k67iilmgjux":"Destatis, Microcensus","k68wi43f2w4":"F 41-43 Construction","k69qqi752zn":"Art. 9 GDPR, Section 203 StGB, co-determination and minimum group size, with a data protection check.","k6c7qqmshds":"How does absence change with age?#","k6i3h08pa80":"Prevalence and economic consequences of mental illness in the OECD area","k6jsdzoufqv":"Swiss key figures: health-prime.ch/bgm-zahlen-schweiz (Swiss website; the two sets of figures are not converted into one another)","k75r4sdne49":"Reduced earning capacity pensions by diagnosis and indication group, age at entry","k764sjs69dj":"Link to this section: Is the risk assessment of mental stress mandatory?","k774zuwyda2":"Calendar days, approx. 14.9 million AOK members","k7hkm1f5ki6":"1.08","k7jlt5xvaw4":"90,749 reported, 26,821 recognised","k7k31qk9thb":"BKK members","k7noyodx9wd":"Corporate health management key figures for Germany 2026: sickness absence rate, absence and costs in figures","k7p2ttaf851":"7.34","k7yiayg9q2y":"BibTeX","k8118q4i13h":"Link to this section: Accidents at work and occupational diseases","k83pofd8p6o":"6Accidents at work and occupational diseases#","k840dzc708k":"Link to this section: Change log","k87uqbf7mhi":"61%","k89fpj44dcw":"68%","k8ag5whotk7":"52.0%","k8cxwfzuh3o":"Genetic Sciences submenu","k8e25imxro5":"What is the picture in a sector where most employers belong to an association?#","k8ha4vv1ljz":"€134 billion","k8iwe3t8m79":"irregular (2011, 2015, 2023/24)","k8rnu4dxoql":"All eight are correct. No two are comparable.","k8rskdrwvwb":"Talk to us","k8s1q8b32px":"Laws (gesetze-im-internet.de)","k8snjqpldhq":"Destatis, Earnings Survey","k8tvl3ne3ul":"11,373","k8tymuwga4u":"a working link to the primary document.","k8urhbsdi2c":"annually, January","k8w0eyvbzyc":"8.64","k908834wnjz":"bgf-ausgaben-gkv-2024","k95751n8ja8":"free PDF, no restriction beyond copyright law. Cite with the report number","k979y1pkuch":"Working days and calendar days are not interchangeable. Destatis counts working days for all employees, the BAuA counts calendar days per GKV member year. Do not mix the two.","k99p9zh94j6":"65% of establishments with a risk assessment, which is around 44% of all establishments","k9g1koxedo9":"Link to this section: Germany in international comparison","k9hvsnis4l0":"Link to this section: Do the health insurance funds meet their own targets?","k9kei4ks74d":"annually, August/September","k9omh4yz48c":"4% of the establishments reached have 1 to 9 employees","k9p7cj7w8tj":"2022","k9perjggx7d":"Gallup","k9vlwuhy2ba":"BKK Dachverband, Gesundheitsreport and monthly series","k9vukhmmsg9":"Federal Statistical Office (Destatis), sickness absence rate","ka0vbvtzwwq":"268,962,864","ka111g3gakm":"High study quality","ka2q5sr1hub":"around 14.9 million insured people in employment","ka2qtw11fpc":"10Legal framework and funding#","ka34m4qzdd":"There is no current official German cost figure for presenteeism. We therefore do not publish one.","ka5x1p1tjti":"€7.52 per insured person (statutory base value)","ka8xtgxytch":"€227 billion","kad1rwnx4r1":"23.55 calendar days correspond arithmetically to around 14.2 working days","kad6mpz6qch":"Source","kadekk6d0ks":"€85.6bn","kaevuyhpcu1":"€63.3 billion","kafgpc6lru8":"On the presenteeism question","kai2bhkllyf":"Link to this section: What do mental illnesses cost in direct treatment?","kaiejj302sy":"3.3% of cases, over 40% of days","kaifdghi7ll":"32. Absence in Germany","kaiywayie5l":"Genetic Sciences","kaj1wnxcv0p":"Link to this section: How long does the employer continue to pay wages during sickness?","kak095o4mi3":"randomised controlled analysis of effectiveness and cost-utility","kak6j8x1frt":"How do European establishments deal with psychosocial risks?#","kal2fescb34":"iga reports, GDA establishment survey, #whatsnext, ifaa trend studies","kaojd4lmiu0":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does the Federal Government itself publish?","kaqvr6x7x8k":"journal publications, academic citation style","kar4h9hx41y":"14.6","karvhwqm6qd":"More dossiers","kb23bonz1rz":"Every row links to the detailed figure further down.","kb49i0jvxax":"18.7 per 1,000 full-time equivalents in establishments of up to 9 full-time equivalents","kbad2dphjii":"no conditions stated. Reproduce the publisher's citation note unchanged","kbavormtf6i":"3.28","kbaymipbsgm":"2025/26","kbc18badyf0":"BKK Dachverband (report, data year 2024)","kbcmd0cc1av":"91%","kbe1berm968":"Your own days of absence per employee per year (optional)","kbfzpanj8ud":"What, then, is the case that holds up?#","kbhplb1sor0":"Key figures for Germany","kbjg1xlt1iw":"What are the direct costs of illness in Germany?#","kbk0c0ewnm4":"630,579,435","kc3zcxkrwn1":"How widespread is presenteeism in Germany?#","kc5qau1kpjt":"Injuries and poisoning","kcc507446y2":"November 2026","kcf2pgfwak3":"Early November","kcq1dg1gpup":"18,437","kcu4fbx7e4t":"annually, July, plus half-year analysis","kcup49okvoq":"23.3 calendar days","kcvm6b6nfsc":"Barmer / bifg, Gesundheitsreport","kcwobp79jb":"Calendar days, statutory health insurance member years","kcx52blm4sc":"direct medical costs","kcyy2x8104r":"85%","kczc8jzrpb7":"3","kdascmwnidh":"Link to this section: Citing this page","kdbj7xqpbux":"How much have days of absence due to mental illness risen over the long term?#","kdbl2qwqaek":"€7.52","kdgol6xogw1":"Link to this section: Is corporate health management worthwhile? What the evidence says on ROI","kdh1xrf3ga7":"Not stated. Published by the NAK office at BAuA; treat as BAuA","kdhg1u5ag45":"5.7 versus 9.7 days of absence","kdih93zx9aj":"January","kdnarsnmo1a":"18.5 calendar days","kdps33hei9g":"The business case for corporate health management","kdtxhzplv8b":"international body of studies, mainly the USA","kdvdmll5hlr":"Unlike Switzerland, Germany has an official cost figure per day of absence and a legally defined employer cost item. That makes this the most robust cost chapter possible for a German-speaking market, and also the section where calculations most often go wrong.","kdvjg6sch1p":"How has the sickness absence rate developed since 1991?#","ke30lz56qn4":"Stiftung Deutsche Depressionshilfe, Deutschland-Barometer Depression","kebc9ro733c":"Link to this section: Frequently asked questions","keeaed94kmj":"Why this page gives some figures twice#","kegwlku928i":"Link to this section: Have mental illnesses now become the most common reason for sick notes?","kemhgni9yrs":"1","ker166luf36":"BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey (most recent 2024), ESENER (most recent 2024)","keu05b9qp88":"S00-T98","kezuy4ui2po":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does DAK-Gesundheit report?","kf6prkljn9p":"Days of incapacity per employee","kf70l59vhoh":"What the evidence supports and what it does not. With an absence cost calculator and a Section 3 no. 34 EStG budget helper.","kf7xz2ghpgb":"27.8%, measured 2008 to 2011","kf8dd9qkmk":"4.16 to 6.73% (monthly values)","kfamcuthpzq":"Destatis, cost-of-illness accounts","kfay1poe84g":"Fields of action and criteria under Section 20(2) SGB V","kfll01fmmxb":"1.0","kftuz05kwhx":"em-renten-icd-drv-2024","kg150nirah6":"Link to this section: How much do the health insurance funds spend on workplace health promotion?","kg47yxqkzek":"43. What absence costs","kg5p7hhjiyr":"Share of people who are ill or injured in an accident","kg6xcgwg1aq":"2,152,547","kg97eaadw3a":"EU-OSHA, ESENER","kgdl55pozut":"Risk assessment, consideration of mental stress","kggtalxmsfx":"around €4.00","kgmo53ea54z":"Working days","kgnr37n7vl9":"Set of rules, not a statistic","kgrgrbo5kpl":"November","kgvbzh3q33r":"Monthly values 2025: January 4.16 · February 6.17 · March 5.93 · April 6.66 · May 5.06 · June 4.41 · July 5.78 · August 6.01 · September 5.45 · October 6.73 · November 4.98 · December 6.62%.","kgz5e3nfu3l":"BMG, KM1 annual file for the previous year","kgztt4t0dan":"3What absences cost#","kh2qfci36ne":"Link to this section: Can labour cost per hour be used as the cost of a day of absence?","kh2yzfcqaxa":"Version of 17 December 2025","kh3eli3ase2":"Contact","kh42f23d590":"Countries","kh6a4pvkkoj":"Your 14.6 days of absence sit alongside the BAuA sector value for the whole economy: 20.8 and the national figure of 20.8 (calendar days, data year 2024). Your figure is calculated in working days and the comparison figures in calendar days; the numbers are therefore not directly comparable. We do not calculate what moving closer to a best value would 'save'.","khd44d395ad":"How has workplace health promotion funding developed since the Prevention Act?#","khej6tviq93":"Link to this section: Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why","khhbsa7ools":"87. How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?","khjrhcgfsxn":"5.6 to 7.5%","khkgblzzpd4":"Link to this section: How many German studies are in this evidence base?","khnxbaut4mx":"What does incapacity for work cost the national economy?#","khs9m8vck49":"100 to 1,000","khy4pq2z7m9":"What does a day of absence cost the national economy?#","khyma3x69rt":"Reference date: 1st of the month","ki0lgfd958h":"26.8%","ki0w1m5fs6h":"Is the risk assessment of mental strain mandatory?#","ki1m7uey343":"kosten-je-au-tag-baua-2024","ki1yybwdpvg":"Calculator defaults","ki8idw15e2z":"14.3 to 26.3 days of incapacity","kic4u5v03rv":"2021 (world of work wave)","kicz2mi4sco":"Link to this section: How does absence change with age?","kimcy0t25jk":"On mental health","kimyd3rdqlw":"WhatsApp","kipz0bcgn0e":"Link to this section: How many accidents at work are there in Germany per year?","kisd1bx4kkd":"BAuA (all GKV, data year 2024)","kj38qag7u6q":"What share of reduced earning capacity pensions is due to mental illness?#","kj5hqx0025b":"Clients","kj779wdrsr0":"Randomised studies: ROI 1.8, and over 50% with no savings at all","kj7l8xbhfqh":"Health promotion, mental health and stress management for your employees through corporate health management. We combine innovative pharmacogenetics with practical health solutions.","kjcw6rtqr4r":"1,700 telephone interviews, representative","kje9ggnwzn8":"Link to this section: Summary: the key figures at a glance","kjfpidr2fwf":"A 01-03 Agriculture, forestry and fishing","kjiiaqrzonr":"DGPPN, Basisdaten Psychische Erkrankungen","kjiwq6yeobw":"414,259,853","kjkiutzctvz":"71%","kjnukhy8uey":"after 2000","kjrb3rlwu7z":"SEEGEN (Mulfinger et al.)","kjvpa0xg9hb":"5.83%","kjvtf8qv9yp":"Which figure does the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health use?#","kk5zgqqefi9":"global estimate of lost working days","kkaynpedhyb":"Sections 8 and 9","kkd4sm8e05j":"On accidents and occupational diseases","kkhoakcvxvo":"around €9.55","kkj9pzp7rv":"2019","kkkchufx7nf":"Awareness of and participation in workplace health promotion, work intensity, exhaustion","kkkeivtelvg":"Link to this section: What this page therefore does not do","kklehtntz9z":"February","kklkuf99hld":"Link to this section: How many days of incapacity for work arise in Germany in total?","kkln0qmh91g":"OECD and EU countries","kkm2zot91zt":"2014","kknm5gfyyba":"What changes on this page","kksz2b1dw7h":"Private Medical Office (for individuals)","kkys36nwjls":"12.5","kl413edb8vy":"tax-free amount per employee per year for health promotion","klajhw3m1cd":"Link to this section: What does the World Health Organization say?","klbzx6arlpw":"At what point must an employer offer occupational reintegration management?#","klc80pc3y0t":"What role does the electronic sick note play in the rise since 2022?#","klcfo4hlpzq":"estg-600-euro","klcvtasnyqv":"6.02% (standardised)","kld44raty07":"no licence or citation information in the publication. German copyright law, right of quotation. Ask before reproducing","kliv1a51smg":"Sickness absence rate, days of absence, mental disorders, long-term trend","klj2ruosip8":"OECD","kllmeew8b6m":"1312. List of sources","klo69ow3gd5":"Fact sheet, compilation source","klpk5vjovr5":"Samstagernstrasse 55","klx2peg2j1r":"Accidents at work and on the way to work, accident rates, occupational diseases, compensation benefits","klyu58cwdx0":"the year to which the data relate (data year),","klz86dm1hhr":"randomised controlled","km3l2r96baj":"Calendar days, BKK members","kmc5a97mh5q":"new section component, once published","kmc8dioe3kj":"emotional engagement, days of absence by level of engagement, cost of active disengagement","kmfe0csajlf":"info@health-prime.ch","kmk6jpiurug":"Corporate health management in figures: Switzerland 2026","kmkd7bm6s4o":"Workshops and seminars","kmkfjpgxp0g":"BAuA / BMAS","kmlbxhmrp17":"DGUV member insurance providers, full register with detailed tables extrapolated from samples","kmql236jpja":"What sickness absence rate does Techniker Krankenkasse report?#","kmquq1zccri":"41,458 establishments, 30 countries","kmrqn3ghopk":"2024","kmsro46eszz":"What sickness absence rate does the BKK Dachverband report?#","kmur7athtoy":"How many employees are there in Germany?#","kn1q1w9cvt2":"27","kn2y0gzhs0r":"€491.6 billion","kn6gxyerf9i":"In which federal states is the sickness absence rate highest?#","knavj6eohvl":"281,956,037","kndby9rpf64":"Only 22% know of any in-house point of contact at all","kne2ff36ao6":"3.52 million people in employment","knfxvx8jfy":"Link to this section: How much can an employer spend tax-free on health promotion?","knlee6s54zp":"172,165,808","knliw3k864u":"6.64","knn3pydra7v":"3.62","knnhjcua2ha":"Destatis, 'Qualität der Arbeit: Krankenstand'","knq1qzoae2h":"CC BY-ND 4.0. The only German health insurance fund source whose material may be redistributed commercially, with attribution and without alteration. Exception: the interactive Berufsatlas, all rights reserved","knuikgvgodt":"Report annually in December, monthly series monthly","ko8x3sk8ftz":"Link to this section: What sickness absence rate does the BKK Dachverband report?","kokce5pld6q":"Data security","kopatg68iyy":"Planned","koq2k9octv2":"15Citing this page#","kosplx9yixv":"Link to this section: What does it look like in an industry with strong association membership?","kovlcsc499l":"Felix Burda Stiftung / Booz & Company (2011), 'Vorteil Vorsorge'","kovuh8mbw54":"17,672","kow7sqvye5g":"Facts & Figures","koxetenn0c1":"3.37","koysko2vwyg":"Link to this section: The publication rule","kp10hsny2ju":"annually, July","kp2jsof3d7c":"Cardiovascular screening","kp716sso205":"Is Germany the 'world champion of sickness'?#","kp82gdyn12b":"2027","kp8a4javvti":"18 clusters, n = 415","kpcoz1e7gq9":"68%","kpeenoh40zm":"What sickness absence rate does DAK-Gesundheit report?#","kph37is2yr2":"€45.00 per hour worked, and no","kpl1r3x26wh":"at least Section 20a","kprcylizel0":"From €76.2 million (2015) to €282.0 million (2024)","kpsz9d7htvo":"@misc{healthprime2026bgmde, author = {{HEALTH PRIME}}, title = {{BGM-Kennzahlen Deutschland 2026: Krankenstand, Fehlzeiten und Kosten in Zahlen}}, year = {2026}, month = {9}, howpublished = {\\url{https://health-prime.org/de-de/bgm-zahlen-deutschland}}, note = {Stand: September 2026} }","kq33y2anfcy":"Sickness absence rate (two separate series), days of incapacity, case duration, types of illness","kq42bsles4s":"68.6%","kq5cztcekzs":"The publication rule#","kq9acqy7sfp":"J00-J99","kq9kt9ppzka":"Link to this section: Which diagnosis groups cause the most days of absence?","kqdrq47goj5":"How do people in employment deal with depression at work?#","kqeqp97xu7n":"IFBG, TK and Haufe, #whatsnext","kqj1yaacg9z":"1,439,283","kqyhitinzt4":"2.6","kqyz70bwgoq":"Executive Medical Office","kr1s57r6zqr":"519,012,275","kr5cyt7qe9h":"Corporate health management in figures: Germany 2026","kr5rcim6gi8":"WIdO, G+G Wissenschaft","kr9ge89h7pj":"2022 (OECD series)","kr9i7va1rcj":"Link to this section: How much must a health insurance fund spend per insured person on prevention?","kr9qoy8vlkx":"international comparison of absence and waiting days","krb4ljv6cka":"171.3","krjrwze3abh":"Link to this section: Presenteeism: what is established and what is not","krpdz6a4glw":"Share of mental disorders in all days of incapacity, 2024. Values across the funds range from 12.0% to 21.9%","krrq2iyvh9e":"December","krspzihgd9i":"IW Köln, IW short report no. 57/2026","krwsubskt9g":"1211. Frequently asked questions","ks09dnin97p":"5Presenteeism: what is established and what is not#","ks1no7aagkz":"Three figures, three denominators: an honest answer on how widespread it is#","ks2oc4fstb6":"Daily pay = €54,066 / 220 = €245.75 Continued payment of wages = €245.75 × 14.6 × 250 = €897,004 Employer costs = €897,004 × 1.000 (social insurance not applied) = €897,004 Total costs = €897,004 × 1.00 = €897,004 Cost per day of absence = €897,004 / (14.6 × 250) = €245.75","ks6xzlo0lu6":"4.0","ks90e9hpa1":"Share","ks911tfbxq7":"one-off","ksa68zo8qs6":"Labour costs per hour worked","ksaz2lqiuc":"Federal Statistical Office (2026), sickness absence rate 2025, as cited in HEALTH PRIME, BGM-Kennzahlen Deutschland 2026, https://health-prime.org/de-de/bgm-zahlen-deutschland#krankenstand-destatis-2025","ksetyuuc4uu":"How much do the health insurance funds spend on workplace health promotion?#","ksjecrc3zmz":"3rd Prevention Report of the National Prevention Conference (Section 20d(4) SGB V)","kskoxyekq6i":"How many German studies are in this evidence base?#","ksqdmgxns74":"Employer, up to the six-week limit","kssutum3jvy":"Menu","kswjj0saawn":"2.7 on average, 1.8 in the high-quality studies","ksyhgz076rv":"praesentismus-iab-2016","kszbx5uckcb":"over 1,000","kszeqspcm4t":"employees reached","kt37jl9l7dk":"2025 (indication groups), 2024 (ICD)","kt4ldlyliup":"42.3 million employees","kt627t5jiqi":"Switzerland","kt6t96kyzhy":"After more than six weeks of incapacity for work in a year","kt8elfl9axh":"IW-Kurzbericht on continued payment of wages","kt8l1pvf92y":"0.3","ktedmid8xrv":"at least Section 20b","ktl2qpekrjg":"2,187,858","ktx8sa9l6w8":"Legal","ku3ue1zin2y":"12List of sources#","kubi355j5vz":"Section 6","kug0l7t786b":"Musculoskeletal system","kujbzawgi7v":"583,867,822","kum44jrqbzh":"The honest measure for an employer's calculation","kurc6ruc6jz":"Link to this section: What is the annual average of the KM1 monthly figures?","kutify8ql6r":"Link to this section: How is accident risk related to company size?","kuvvwmdl98n":"How long does an employer keep paying wages when an employee is ill?#","kuwb7q492pa":"5.66% (own calculation)","kuyr3k8o1si":"1,214,764","kuznzfnskmr":"€12.30 billion","kv0pknun2cv":"Unit","kv6e2aavawz":"Health Prime AG","kvjh1k59t95":"Link to this section: How has the sickness absence rate developed since 1991?","kvm84i3l6ih":"Link to this section: The misattribution we expressly correct here","kvn2h5hk1hb":"AOK / WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Bilanz","kvzpe50a42i":"BMG, GKV statistics KM1","kw0rf6uxm3v":"Corporate health management in figures: Germany 2026, absence and costs","kw49da8j8eg":"N","kw5n247387u":"gb-psych-whatsnext-2025","kw5qyg39fux":"246,897,000","kw6ysoj0kj4":"Status","kwdn6zap85c":"8Is corporate health management worth it? What the evidence says about ROI#","kwjldsd4qma":"Link to this section: How many employees are signed off sick at least once in a year?","kwjn0n6bcn9":"monthly, annual file in January","kwncne3t75m":"Link to this section: How much do German employers pay per year in continued payment of wages?","kwqtthx8a32":"2,280,653","kwxei7ahayv":"HEALTH PRIME (2026). BGM-Kennzahlen Deutschland 2026: Krankenstand, Fehlzeiten und Kosten in Zahlen. Health Prime AG, Wollerau (Switzerland). https://health-prime.org/de-de/bgm-zahlen-deutschland (accessed DD.MM.YYYY).","kwxs13nx6k3":"22.5","kwys0sxrab8":"Which diagnosis groups cause the most days of absence?#","kwzg3mwgxt9":"25% do not recognise psychosocial risks as present at all","kx0f4q32vnd":"Event","kx410x2dft2":"Are mental illnesses now the most common reason for a sick note?#","kx7uwur0gv4":"Monthly series, own annual mean calculation","kx7xpbhw5de":"7How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?#","kx9op7uhwx8":"Destatis, national accounts employment figures","kxelwo8k0lo":"all employees","kxgpphx3dil":"Total reference value","kxh9xdmj9p7":"TK-Gesundheitsreport 2026","kxhjfuqt5o3":"42%","kxmzp0n60gb":"16.7%","kxnrl82qjbz":"5.9%","kxntzw2a916":"Sources: BAuA, Volkswirtschaftliche Kosten durch Arbeitsunfähigkeit 2024; Destatis, Krankenstand 2025; Destatis Verdiensterhebung 2025; WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Report 2025. The BAuA figures underestimate short-term cases, because incapacity for work is usually certified only from the third day.","kxr6jmu8wu2":"Calendar days, 6.23 million persons in the labour force, standardised","kxsj3gutdp6":"Language","ky18jda7oou":"Health and long-term care insurance, private households","ky2bapyff7e":"As at September 2026. Next scheduled update: November 2026 (Fehlzeiten-Report 2026).","ky2x0o0z23j":"98%","ky3250b4zpf":"Link to this section: In which industries is the sickness absence rate highest?","ky7mvbdxoid":"Which occupational disease is recognised most often in Germany?#","ky8s57zgtq0":"Can hourly labour costs be used as the cost of a day of absence?#","ky8zexkyfmk":"Because Germany has them twice. Where the same quantity is measured differently by different bodies, we give all the values with their base and offer a decision rule, rather than choosing one figure and keeping quiet about the others. This applies to the sickness absence rate (Section 1), the share of mental illness in days of absence (Section 4), accident figures (Section 6), reduced earning capacity pensions (Section 4) and the prevalence of corporate health management (Section 7).","kyc0pjpqb1k":"Statutory basis from 2019","kyfwyujuwr8":"2","kyjg92veavd":"8832 Wollerau","kykaj91jyyu":"9Germany in international comparison#","kymf1hv6jp6":"Data protection in corporate health management","kyou3dbtzuo":"Barmer figures","kyq1z5shm18":"73% employee satisfaction","kyx9fjs6xuw":"Link to this section: Mental health in the workplace","kz3vq97m0ts":"No default value. Enter your own rate; contributions are due only up to the contribution assessment ceilings. If left empty, none are applied.","kz7cqse5ng4":"annually, autumn","kzaoie5lkbp":"ifaa","kzc9y1zja97":"Three cost concepts that mean different things.","kzk6e5fgl3f":"82.3","kzovqfhq0g4":"Link to this section: What does a day of absence cost according to Gallup?","kzphj37ow28":"the national economy","m10069a272e9":"On behalf of DAK-Gesundheit, the IGES Institut attributes 36.2% of the observed rise in incapacity for work due to respiratory illness to the introduction of the electronic sick note. IGES finds no effect of telephone sick notes on the sickness absence rate.<0/>Source: cited in Pimpertz, J. and Holtmeyer, L. (2025), IW-Report Nr. 26, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft, Köln, published 2025. <1>https://www.iwkoeln.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Studien/Report/PDF/2025/IW-Report_2025-Krankenstand.pdf</1><2/> Basis: share of the observed rise in cases of incapacity due to respiratory illness, not of the sickness absence rate overall.<3/>Method: IGES analysis for DAK-Gesundheit, cited in the IW report.","m100mqm0zsna":"<0>From €76.2 million (2015) to €282.0 million (2024)</0>","m10awq0qzcpt":"<0>Federal Statistical Office (Destatis), sickness absence rate</0>","m10lwhwnu58a":"<0>€282.0 million</0>","m10tumqrr1np":"Summary: the key figures at a glance<0>#</0>","m10vvthaziye":"Employees in Germany were reported sick for an average of 12.7 working days in 1991, 8.1 working days in 2007, the lowest figure before or since, and 14.6 working days again in 2025.<0/>Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Krankenstand (Qualität der Arbeit, Dimension 2), data years 1991, 2007 and 2025, page as at July 2026. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Arbeit/Arbeitsmarkt/Qualitaet-Arbeit/Dimension-2/krankenstand.html</1><2/> Basis: working days, all employees.<3/>Method: IAB working time accounts.<4/>Further supporting values from the same series: the share of people reported sick was 5.1% in 1991 and reached its lowest value of 3.3% in 2006. The fall from 1991 to 2007 was 36%. From 2021 (11.2 working days) to 2025 the value rose by 3.4 days.<5/>Caveat: according to the Federal Statistical Office, the rise since 2021 is largely due to the improved completeness of recording through the eAU and should therefore not simply be read as a deterioration in health. <6>The intermediate years of the series between 1991 and 2025 have not each been checked against the source and therefore do not appear.</6>","m119h6f70irw":"Under Section 11 of the Occupational Safety Act (ASiG), an employer with more than 20 employees must set up an occupational safety committee, which meets at least once a quarter. Under Section 1 ASiG, occupational physicians and safety specialists must be appointed, in writing under Section 2(1) and Section 5 ASiG.<0/>Source: Gesetz über Betriebsärzte, Sicherheitsingenieure und andere Fachkräfte für Arbeitssicherheit (ASiG) of 12 December 1973, last amended by Art. 3(5) of the Act of 20 April 2013, accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/asig/</1><2/> Basis: establishments with more than 20 employees.<3/>Method: statutory text. No change between 2024 and 2026.<4/>Note on DGUV Regulation 2: a revised version has been coming into force since 2025, <5>provider by provider</5>, supplemented by DGUV Rule 100-002. Because it takes effect separately for each employers' liability insurance association, we give <6>no</6> nationwide date and <7>no</7> attendance times here. What applies is the current regulation of the accident insurance provider responsible for you.","m11fzplzrnci":"In 2023 the direct costs of illness in Germany came to €491.6 billion, equivalent to €5,900 per head of population.<0/> Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, press release no. 293 of 8 August 2025, cost-of-illness accounts (Krankheitskostenrechnung), data year 2023. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2025/08/PD25_293_236.html</1><2/> Basis: direct medical costs, resident population of Germany. Genesis statistic 23631.<3/> Method: cost-of-illness accounts of the Federal Statistical Office, published annually since 2023, with a lag of around eighteen months. The years 2015, 2020 and 2023 are methodologically comparable; the series 2002 to 2008 is not.<4/><5>This figure is not a cost figure for absence.</5> The cost-of-illness accounts include only direct treatment costs and expressly exclude productivity loss. The BAuA figures (€134 and 227 billion) cover the indirect side. The two calculations complement each other rather than compete, and must not be added together.","m11jq2kjx178":"What sickness absence rate does Techniker Krankenkasse report?<0>#</0>","m11vndmlgdkb":"<0>DAK-Gesundheit, Gesundheitsreport and Psychreport</0>","m12g7ba78tfy":"Across all the reviews included in iga.Report 40, there are 978 individual studies, of which 257 are from Europe (26%) and of those only 18 from Germany, 'a share of seven per cent of the European and two per cent of all studies'. In the economic evidence base of around 140 studies, the report states that <0>exactly one</0> German study was included, and it concerned screening for bowel cancer.<1/> Source: Barthelmes, I. et al. (2019), iga.Report 40, chapter 11.1, published November 2019. <2>https://www.iga-info.de/fileadmin/redakteur/Veroeffentlichungen/iga_Reporte/Dokumente/iga-Report_40_Wirksamkeit_und_Nutzen_Gesundheitsfoerderung_Praevention.pdf</2><3/> Basis: individual studies in the systematic reviews included.<4/> Method: count by the report authors.<5/><6>The same report explains why US figures do not transfer:</6> 'Establishments in Germany, for example, unlike many American ones, do not share in covering direct illness costs and are therefore primarily interested in reducing indirect costs.' US ROI values are mostly driven by treatment costs saved, that is, precisely the component that a German employer structurally cannot capture.","m136z0nwjgoh":"<0>Any German burnout prevalence figure.</0> 'One in five employees feels burnout symptoms' comes from a company survey on a self-selected online panel and is not epidemiology. <1>No primary source could be found</1> for '13 million Germans suffer from burnout', 'burnout rate 25 to 30%' and 'burnout costs the German economy X billion euros'. The frequently cited 'RKI burnout fact sheet (Hapke et al. 2012, GBE kompakt)' <2>does not exist</2>; neither the RKI repository nor the GBE kompakt series contains a burnout issue, and the DGPPN fact sheet of March 2026 contains not a single burnout figure. The only genuine primary source is Maske, U. E., Riedel-Heller, S. G., Seiffert, I., Jacobi, F. and Hapke, U. (2016), Häufigkeit und psychiatrische Komorbiditäten von selbstberichtetem diagnostiziertem Burnout-Syndrom, Psychiatrische Praxis 43(1), 18-24, DOI 10.1055/s-0034-1387201. It is based on DEGS1 data with a <3>fieldwork period of 2008 to 2011</3> and measures whether someone reports that a doctor once certified burnout for them. <4>A self-reported diagnosis, not a clinical finding.</4> Moreover, under ICD-10 (Z73.0) and ICD-11 (QD85) burnout is <5>not a mental disorder</5> but a factor influencing health status, and therefore has no established diagnostic prevalence in Germany. The more recent RKI surveys contain no burnout indicator.","m1373n2gkg2k":"<0>bgf-ausgaben-gkv-2024</0>","m13amz00x319":"What do mental illnesses cost in direct treatment?<0>#</0>","m13dzorgr3i":"<0>14.6</0><1>working days of sickness absence per employee, 2025</1><2>Destatis</2>","m13gwk2aq8uq":"<0>Text</0>","m13snvhi1fiy":"For 2025, eight official and semi-official bodies in Germany publish a sickness absence rate. The figures range from <0>14.6 working days</0> (Federal Statistical Office) to <1>23.3 calendar days</1> (AOK). The gap is not an error. It comes from four differences: <2>calendar days or working days</2>; <3>which insured population is counted</3>; <4>whether figures are standardised by age and sex</4>; and <5>whether they are measured on a reference date or over the year</5>. On top of this, every series based on health insurance fund data has a break from 2022 onwards.","m13x8cmfblyc":"<0>2.7 on average, 1.8 in the high-quality studies</0>","m146gd348uf8":"In 2024 there were 754,660 reportable accidents at work in Germany within the remit of the Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (2023: 783,426).<0/> Source: Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung e. V. (DGUV): Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: reportable accidents at work among DGUV member institutions, excluding agricultural accident insurance.<3/> Method: full register of accident reports. The <4>detailed analyses</4> by occupation, establishment size, part of the body and course of the accident, however, are extrapolated from a sample: only around 6.7% of reportable accidents at the commercial employers' liability insurance associations and around 10% at public-sector institutions enter the detailed statistics through the birthday procedure.","m146u11bsm40":"<0>41.1%</0>","m148wh6i9f20":"<0>The link always leads to the primary document</0>, never to a press article about it.","m149037v4alg":"How many working days a year are employees in Germany absent?<0>#</0>","m14gn5bdl0al":"<0>Only 22% know of any in-house point of contact at all</0>","m14gnjwlnbmx":"<0>Private Medical Office (for individuals)</0>","m14jdaui8bzc":"<0>OECD</0>","m14l98lpv61s":"<0>42.0%</0>","m152wihevr3n":"Copying only with all copyright and trademark notices, <0>alteration without written permission prohibited</0>, and any reference on the web <1>must contain a link back to the complete original document</1>. Redraw graphics yourself only","m15sej786j64":"<0>Executive Medical Office (for companies)</0>","m15xbc746sf9":"<0>26.8%</0>","m15xzae2u66r":"<0>Gallup</0>","m160i1flr44t":"<0>All eight are correct. No two are comparable.</0>","m164d0419ln5":"<0>9</0>","m164z2lsih3a":"What sickness absence rate does the federal government itself publish?<0>#</0>","m16cln5rlm54":"<0>12. What is presenteeism, how widespread is it and what does it cost?</0><1/>Presenteeism means going to work while ill. 68.6% of employees did so at least once in 2016, on average on 8.7 days a year (IAB, Linked Personnel Panel). <2>There is no current official figure for the cost in Germany, so we do not publish one.</2> The frequently cited €227 billion is absenteeism, not presenteeism.","m16e4uj3s8ly":"Every figure on this page comes from one of these sources. The <0>Licence</0> column gives the reuse terms as each publication words them itself. No other German-language page offers it in this form. It is also meant for editorial teams and agencies that work with these sources themselves.","m16em7mthslc":"<0>entgeltfortzahlung-iw-2025</0>","m16emd19op33":"<0>Any screening result of our own from HEALTH PRIME.</0> See Section 13.","m16jsmoaqtl8":"<0>Destatis, Earnings Survey</0>","m16k1h5fxz3t":"In 2025 there were 46.0 million people in employment in Germany on an annual average, of whom 42.3 million were employees and 3.7 million were self-employed.<0/> Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, press release no. 001 of 2 January 2026, employment accounts (Erwerbstätigenrechnung), annual average 2025, domestic concept. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2026/01/PD26_001_13321.html</1><2/> Basis: domestic concept, annual average.<3/> Method: employment accounts of the Federal Statistical Office, EVAS 13321.<4/> Note on use: for extrapolations using the BAuA or Destatis absence figures, the right denominator is <5>42.3 million employees</5>, not 46.0 million people in employment. Mixing them up overstates a national extrapolation by around 9%.","m16ns26fx4c2":"Across 39 studies with a total of 47 ROI values, the mean return on investment is 2.7, ranging from minus 3.3 to 15.6; 85% of the values are above one. The studies rated as <0>high quality</0>, by contrast, give a mean ROI of <1>1.8</1>, and 27% of them could <2>not</2> demonstrate any saving.<3/> Source: Barthelmes, I., Bödeker, W., Sörensen, J., Kleinlercher, K.-M. and Odoy, J. (2019), iga.Report 40. Wirksamkeit und Nutzen arbeitsweltbezogener Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Zusammenstellung der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz 2012 bis 2018, published by BKK Dachverband, DGUV, AOK-Bundesverband and vdek, 1st edition November 2019, chapter 11.2, ISSN 1612-1988. <4>https://www.iga-info.de/fileadmin/redakteur/Veroeffentlichungen/iga_Reporte/Dokumente/iga-Report_40_Wirksamkeit_und_Nutzen_Gesundheitsfoerderung_Praevention.pdf</4><5/> Basis: 47 ROI values from 39 studies, mainly from the USA, the literature covered runs from 2012 to 2018.<6/> Method: ROI values taken from the meta-analysis by Baxter, Sanderson, Venn, Blizzard and Palmer (2014). iga <7>did not calculate the values itself</7>; footnote 28 corrects a printing error in one of the original studies.<8/><9> Editorial rule for this page: anyone who prints 2.7 must print 1.8 in the same sentence.</9> Both values appear on the same page of the same report.","m16pa3zjzydz":"<0>4</0>3. What absence costs","m16rz1yom81l":"<0>Musculoskeletal 19.4%, respiratory system 18.1%, mental disorders 16.7%</0>","m16xx1gjnxxq":"How has the sickness absence rate developed since 1991?<0>#</0>","m179i0sxew6o":"What share of days of absence is due to long-term illness?<0>#</0>","m17fyqdy6bm1":"<0>+164%</0>","m17fz3yk31p8":"<0>Bowel cancer screening</0>","m17g0sq2g280":"<0>5.9%</0>","m17j6y1z4k6o":"<0>Laws (gesetze-im-internet.de)</0>","m18fahjcohtc":"<0>'68% of establishments carry out at least one workplace health promotion measure.'</0> Evidently a misreading of the 68% figure for risk assessment.","m18njmlxdp3e":"<0>€76 billion as 'the cost of mental illness in Europe'.</0> It covers direct health spending only and cannot stand in for the €600 billion total of the 2018 overall calculation (reference year 2015).","m18qpjflb1vd":"How do the health insurance funds gauge the success of what they fund?<0>#</0>","m191ck5907es":"<0>11</0>","m19gx394hyrn":"What does the breakdown by study quality show?<0>#</0>","m19ikedq35y8":"<0>12.0% to 21.9%</0>","m19is0656nsw":"<0>Our own calculations are marked as such</0>, with the method given. On this page that applies to three values: the annual mean of the KM1 monthly figures, the share of all establishments with a risk assessment of mental stress (0.68 times 0.65) and the projection of the guideline values under Section 20(6) SGB V for 2025 and 2026.","m19ll27tz6v1":"<0>em-renten-icd-drv-2024</0>","m19qw7asvxdd":"Under Section 3 no. 34 of the Income Tax Act (EStG), benefits that an employer provides in addition to the wages and salary already owed, to prevent and reduce health risks and to promote health in establishments, are tax-free, provided they do not exceed €600 in the calendar year and provided they meet the requirements of Sections 20 and 20b SGB V in terms of quality, earmarking, targeting and certification.<0/> Source: Section 3 no. 34 EStG, accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/estg/__3.html</1><2/> Basis: per employee and calendar year.<3/> Method: statutory text. The amount was raised from €500 to €600 by the Jahressteuergesetz 2019 (Annual Tax Act 2019) with effect from the 2020 assessment period and <4>is unchanged in 2026</4>.<5/> Three conditions that are often overlooked: the <6>additionality requirement</6> (Section 8(4) EStG; salary sacrifice does not meet it), meeting the requirements of Sections 20 and 20b SGB V (in practice, those of the GKV Prevention Guide), and the fact that it is a <7>tax-free allowance (Freibetrag), not an exemption limit (Freigrenze)</7>: only the excess amount is taxable.<8/> Not to be confused with Section 3 no. 34a EStG, a separate exemption for care services, which also names €600 on one of its two branches.<9/> Context: according to the BMF letter (Federal Ministry of Finance) of 20 April 2021, IV C 5 - S 2342/20/10003 :003, margin no. 4, certification is in principle not provided for workplace health promotion services under Section 20b SGB V. Certification concerns the course-based strand under Section 20(4) no. 1 SGB V. The details are in the business case, section 11 (<10>/de-de/business-case-bgm</10>).","m19r8dqdml6l":"In 2024, mental and behavioural disorders accounted for 16.7% of all days of incapacity for work in Germany, or 147.3 million days.<0/>Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga, cost sheet as at 3 December 2025. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/>Basis: calendar days, 32.6 million GKV member years, ICD-10 chapter F00-F99.<3/>Method: aggregation of GKV statistics on incapacity for work. In its March 2026 fact sheet, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie cites exactly the same source for this figure.","m1absunhn272":"68.6% of the employees surveyed in Germany went to work sick at least once in 2016. <0/>Source: Dietrich, A. S. and Hiesinger, K. (2020), Krank zur Arbeit? Präsentismus ist in Deutschland weit verbreitet, IAB-Forum of 17 January 2020, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, data year 2016. <1>https://iab-forum.de/krank-zur-arbeit-praesentismus-ist-in-deutschland-weit-verbreitet/</1><2/> Basis: employees, self-reported, at least one occurrence in the calendar year.<3/> Method: Linked Personnel Panel, third wave 2016/17, project 'Arbeitsqualität und wirtschaftlicher Erfolg', around 5,000 employees from 846 establishments, probability-based linked employer-employee sample.<4/> Extent, from the same survey: in 2016 employees in Germany worked while sick for an average of <5>8.7 days</5>; among those who did so at all, it was <6>12.6 days</6>.<7/> Caveat: data year 2016. It is the most recent robust German presenteeism prevalence figure from a federal research institute, and it is ten years old. A fresher measurement is expected from the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024; the figures circulating on it have not been checked against the BAuA publication and therefore do not appear here.","m1acc20hh6rz":"<0>10</0>Legal framework and funding<1>#</1>","m1al3u65v5sm":"<0>Yes, since 25 October 2013, for every employer</0>","m1av6zqeaq7v":"Under Section 3(1) of the Continued Remuneration Act (EFZG), employees who are unable to work because of an illness that is not their own fault are entitled to continued payment of wages by their employer for up to six weeks. From the seventh week, the health insurance fund pays sickness benefit (Krankengeld), up to the 72nd week of the illness at most.<0/> Source: Section 3 EFZG, accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/entgfg/__3.html</1><2/> Basis: per case of illness and per employment relationship; a different illness starts a new entitlement.<3/> Method: statutory text. Under Section 5(1) EFZG, a sick note is required from the fourth day; the employer may require one from the first day by contract.<4/><5>Status of announced changes, September 2026:</5> neither a waiting day, nor a shorter period of continued pay, nor a general sick-note requirement from the first day of absence is current law. Sick notes by telephone were made permanent in the AU Directive by the resolution of the Federal Joint Committee (Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss) of 7 December 2023 and <6>remain in force</6>; their abolition has been announced but not decided. In all three cases, the citable fact is that nothing has changed.","m1b99mzo5szg":"How many occupational diseases are reported and recognised?<0>#</0>","m1ba1063coyi":"Of the establishments that carry out a risk assessment at all, 65% take account of mental strain such as stress and time or performance pressure. Across all establishments, that is around 44%.<0/> Source: Grün, F. C. (2025), Bericht zur Betriebs- und Beschäftigtenbefragung 2023/24, Geschäftsstelle der Nationalen Arbeitsschutzkonferenz c/o BAuA, published 24 June 2025. <1>https://www.gda-portal.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/25-06-24-Bericht-Betriebsbefragung.pdf</1><2/> Basis: <3>establishments that carried out a risk assessment, N = 2,606</3>, not all establishments. The figure of around 44% is the product of 0.68 times 0.65 and is marked as our own calculation.<4/> Method: GDA establishment and employee survey 2023/2024, n = 3,817 establishments.<5/> Other hazard types taken into account: musculoskeletal strain 72%, working environment such as noise, heat, cold and draughts 68%, chemical and biological hazardous substances 55%.<6/><7>The denominator is the whole point.</7> The frequently cited statement '65% of establishments assess mental strain' leaves it out and is therefore wrong.","m1bh2uqlb3zd":"<0>15</0>Citing this page<1>#</1>","m1bh6zsuueqp":"<0>12.7 working days (1991), 8.1 (2007), 14.6 (2025)</0>","m1brmxop3evr":"Under Section 167(2) of Book IX of the German Social Code (SGB IX), the employer must offer occupational reintegration management (BEM) if employees are incapacitated for work for more than six weeks within a year, whether continuously or repeatedly.<0/> Source: Section 167(2) SGB IX, accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/sgb_9_2018/__167.html</1><2/> Basis: more than six weeks of incapacity for work within any twelve-month period, continuous or cumulative.<3/> Method: statutory text.<4/> Four points are regularly misrepresented in practice. The obligation applies to <5>all</5> employees, not only to severely disabled people. It applies <6>regardless of establishment size</6> and regardless of whether a works council exists. The employer must make the offer; the employee's participation is voluntary. The occupational physician is involved under sentence 3 where necessary.","m1btq0pnd2fv":"For workplace health promotion in hospitals and care facilities, the health insurance funds spent only €0.92 per insured person in 2024, against an index-linked minimum spending value of €1.13. The share of establishments reached with measures on psychosocial resources and mental health risks fell from 70% (20,818 establishments) to 69% (19,396 establishments).<0/> Source: GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst Bund (eds) (2025), Präventionsbericht 2025, Berichtsjahr 2024, as at November 2025. <1>https://www.gkv-spitzenverband.de/media/dokumente/krankenversicherung_1/praevention__selbsthilfe__beratung/praevention/praeventionsbericht/2025_GKV_MD_Praventionsbericht_barrierefrei.pdf</1><2/> Basis: spending per insured person and share of establishments reached respectively.<3/> Method: workplace health promotion documentation of the health insurance funds, compared with the reference values that are index-linked under Section 18(1) SGB IV.<4/> The three reference values stated for 2024 compare as follows: total €8.53 (actual 9.21, exceeded), settings €2.44 (actual 2.49, slightly exceeded), workplace health promotion in care and hospitals €1.13 (actual 0.92, <5>not met</5>). The report gives no index-linked partial reference value for workplace health promotion overall.","m1c4a5agwm8q":"Can hourly labour costs be used as the cost of a day of absence?<0>#</0>","m1c4bg0ngjfa":"<0>psyche-trend-tk-2025</0>","m1c5tr6giefj":"Why do calendar days and working days differ so much?<0>#</0>","m1c8747plqix":"How many organisations carry out a risk assessment of mental strain?<0>#</0>","m1cmstfk1tsp":"<0>Legal notice</0>","m1ctqemcewl0":"<0>Cardiovascular screening</0>","m1czulbbzk57":"Thematic focus. The 2026 edition is published on <0>2 November 2026</0> on the topic 'Mentale Gesundheit in der Arbeitswelt stärken'","m1d6cgdocia1":"<0>Switzerland</0>","m1d7hygejiy3":"<0>Clients</0>","m1dcibn16212":"<0>Organisations</0> with holistic corporate health management","m1dfxnd3pkw1":"The arithmetic mean of the twelve reference-date values in the GKV statistics KM1 for 2025 is 5.66%.<0/>Source of the underlying data: Federal Ministry of Health (BMG), GKV-Statistik KM1, data year 2025, published January 2026. <1>https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/fileadmin/Dateien/3_Downloads/Statistiken/GKV/Mitglieder_Versicherte/KM1_Januar_bis_Dezember_2025.pdf</1><2/> Basis: mean of twelve reference-date values, not an annual sickness absence rate.<3/>Method: <4>HEALTH PRIME's own calculation.</4> The BMG does not publish an annual average.<5/>Caveat that should always accompany the figure: a mean of reference-date values is not an annual sickness absence rate. It overweights the first day of each month and is distorted by public holidays. The January value of 4.16% was measured on New Year's Day. We publish this value only as our own calculation, clearly labelled and with the method stated.","m1dgi55gy5o4":"The eight values side by side (conflict register, row 1)<0>#</0>","m1dqfuitajem":"<0>9</0>8. Is corporate health management worth it? What the evidence says about ROI","m1drth1nh62r":"And what the works council has to do with it<0>#</0>","m1dtpj56gn6n":"The sickness absence rate among DAK-insured people in employment was 5.4% in 2025, equivalent to 19.5 days of absence per employee (2024: 5.4% and 19.7 days).<0/>Source: DAK-Gesundheit, Gesundheitsreport 2026, data year 2025, published 20 July 2026. <1>https://www.dak.de/dak/unternehmen/reporte-forschung/gesundheitsreport-2026_223108</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, around 2.2 million DAK-insured people in employment, based on 1,953.1 days of incapacity per 100 people insured for the full year.<3/>Method: analysis of routine data by the IGES Institut. Share of people affected 62.5%, 200.1 cases of incapacity per 100 insured years, average case duration 9.8 days.","m1duzbcmfdq8":"How is accident risk related to establishment size?<0>#</0>","m1e914qz4ntb":"Which diagnosis groups cause the most days of absence?<0>#</0>","m1eckf9w8gho":"In 2025 the gross annual earnings of full-time employees in Germany, including special payments, stood at €54,066 (median) and €64,441 (arithmetic mean).<0/> Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, press release no. 113 of 1 April 2026, earnings survey (Verdiensterhebung), data year 2025. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2026/04/PD26_113_621.html</1><2/> Basis: full-time employees with at least seven paid months of work, including taxable special payments such as holiday and Christmas bonuses.<3/> Method: earnings survey under § 4 VerdStatG, monthly reporting obligation since January 2022, stratified random sample of up to 58,000 businesses with at least one employee subject to social insurance.<4/> Further 2025 figures: top decile from €100,719, bottom decile up to €33,828, top 1% from €219,110. Range by sector: financial and insurance services €91,678, information and communication €86,638, agriculture and forestry €40,425, hospitality €39,749.<5/> Note on scope: monthly gross full-time earnings <6>excluding special payments</6> were €4,784 in April 2025 at 39.1 paid hours a week. 4,784 times 12 gives €57,408 and is deliberately not comparable with the €64,441.","m1eursh8mhhk":"In Germany, 881.5 million days of incapacity for work occurred in 2024, equivalent to 2.4 million working years lost.<0/>Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, Berichtsjahr 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga, cost sheet as at 3 December 2025. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, 32.6 million GKV member-years.<3/>Method: aggregation of GKV incapacity statistics combined with the national accounts.","m1ew2ca65ebp":"<0>Listed only as evidence of where the figures came from. No figure from it is published</0> (Section 14)","m1exjztmyco5":"<0>Introducing a health programme</0>","m1eylt3msm85":"In 2024 the loss of gross value added due to incapacity for work in Germany came to around €227 billion, equivalent to 5.1% of gross national income.<0/> Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: gross value added approach, 881.5 million days of incapacity.<3/> Method: valuation of the working years lost at the average gross value added per person in employment.<4/> Important clarification: <5>these €227 billion are the cost of absenteeism, not of presenteeism.</5> Several German websites describe the figure as the 'cost of presenteeism'. That is wrong. See section 5.","m1f4v85wzxtj":"The age- and sex-standardised sickness absence rate of people in employment insured with Barmer was 6.02% in 2025, equivalent to 21.98 days of absence per insurance year (2024: 6.17%).<0/>Source: BARMER Institut für Gesundheitssystemforschung (bifg), Gesundheitsreport 2026, data year 2025, published April 2026. <1>https://www.bifg.de/media/dl/Reporte/Gesundheitsreporte/2026/bifg-gesundheitsreport-2026-standardauswertungen.pdf</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, 3.52 million economically active people, standardised by age and sex, 2,198 days of incapacity per 100 insurance years.<3/>Method: standard analysis of Barmer routine data. 201 cases of incapacity per 100 insurance years, 10.9 days of incapacity per case, proportion of people affected 68.3%, men 5.73% compared with women 6.37%.","m1f5qzk6wvjt":"<0><1>2</1>1. Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared</0>","m1fc7ikcbr6b":"<0>6. What does a day of absence cost a German company?</0><1/>For the economy as a whole, €152 in production loss and €258 in loss of gross value added per day of incapacity for work (BAuA, reporting year 2024). For your own calculation these are macroeconomic averages. The calculator in Section 3 uses your own values and shows the formula. The '€400 to €500 per sick day' that circulates in the market has no documented source and does not appear here.","m1fcgv907gbs":"<0>Any promise of a specific ROI for your company.</0> The evidence does not allow it. That is also why we are not building an ROI calculator.","m1g1k08jfvww":"The publication rule<0>#</0>","m1g8j0heotfr":"What is the return on investment of workplace health promotion?<0>#</0>","m1g9x42ual4x":"<0>DGUV, Arbeitsunfallgeschehen und Statistiken für die Praxis</0>","m1h58pppg7mi":"How engaged are employees in Germany?<0>#</0>","m1h6k0hgjn4h":"<0>2</0>Absence in Germany<1>#</1>","m1h86tmijgp6":"<0>3. How many working days do employees in Germany miss per year?</0><1/>14.6 working days in 2025 (Federal Statistical Office, IAB working time calculation). The health insurance fund figures of 18.5 to 23.3 days are <2>calendar days</2> and are therefore systematically higher.","m1hj661o44mp":"What share of days of absence is due to mental illness?<0>#</0>","m1hjbjrnwzwl":"<0>BAuA, BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey and baua: Fakten</0>","m1hob70xnhpy":"<0>−3.3</0>","m1homtpanton":"<0>10</0>9. Germany in international comparison","m1i7ab755pde":"<0>15. Is corporate health management financially worthwhile? What does the evidence say about ROI?</0><1/>The evidence is limited. The most frequently cited German figure, an ROI of 2.7, comes from iga.Report 40 (2019) and rests on 47 values taken from a British-Australian meta-analysis of mostly US studies. The same report states on the same page that the high-quality studies average 1.8, that 27% of them show no savings, and that in randomised studies more than half show no saving. The best-powered German study (FRIAA, n = 550) found no effect on absence and was not cost-effective. The widespread formula '€1 yields €2.50 to €4.80' traces back via three reports to a 2001 US literature review and contains no German data. <2>We therefore name no ROI for your company.</2> The robust argument is the link between engagement and days of absence (5.7 compared with 9.7 days, Gallup 2025), plus the cost side, which you can work out from your own figures.","m1icye69hlef":"<0>Destatis, cost-of-illness accounts</0>","m1ij3jr2g39g":"26.8% of the organisations surveyed said in 2025 that they were implementing holistic corporate health management; 32.0% implement workplace health promotion measures and are building up corporate health management, 30.6% carry out individual workplace health promotion measures and 8.8% have no experience of workplace health promotion.<0/> Source: Walter, U. N., Krapf, F., Rees, S.-L. et al. (2025), #whatsnext 2025. Gesund arbeiten in herausfordernden Zeiten, published by IFBG GmbH, Konstanz, with Techniker Krankenkasse and Personalmagazin (Haufe), fieldwork 6 January to 14 February 2025, published June 2025. <1>https://www.ifbg.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Studienband_whatsnext_2025.pdf</1><2/> Basis: organisations, n = 1,514.<3/> Method: online survey, recruitment via partner newsletters, direct mailings and press work.<4/><5>Important note on the sample.</5> This is a <6>self-selected sample weighted towards large employers</6>, not a representative picture of Germany's roughly three million establishments. Organisation size (n = 1,443): up to 9 employees 3.3%, 10 to 49 12.4%, 50 to 249 27.9%, 250 to 999 29.3%, over 1,000 employees 27.2%. Sector: 64.3% private sector, 29.9% public service. <7>The figure of 89.4% 'with corporate health management or workplace health promotion activity', which the study also reports, must not be published as '89% of German companies practise corporate health management'.</7> The representative figure on prevalence is the BIBB/BAuA figure above.<8/> The study itself puts it this way: 'Only a quarter of participants say that their organisation already has holistic corporate health management in place. There has been no increase in recent years.'<9/> Budgets in the same survey (n = 1,511): <10>17.6%</10> of organisations had no corporate health management or workplace health promotion budget (excluding staff costs), 33.0% had less than €10,000, 6.6% had €100,000 or more, and <11>54.4%</11> used support from the statutory health insurance funds. The same sample caveats apply.","m1ijm65e60ki":"<0>Germany-specific ESENER 2024 percentages from secondary summaries.</0> The figures in circulation mix EU and country results.","m1in2dglzpir":"<0>Genetic Sciences overview</0>","m1ino1en8cdf":"In 2025, 10% of employees in Germany had high emotional engagement with their employer (2024: 9%; 2023: 14%), 77% had low engagement, the highest value measured so far, and 13% were actively disengaged.<0/> Source: Gallup (2026), Gallup Engagement Index Deutschland 2025, Gallup GmbH, Berlin, data year 2025, published 12 March 2026. <1>Original document:</1> <2>https://www.gallup.com/file/de/702908/Engagement_Index_Deutschland_2025_Bericht.pdf</2><3/> Basis: employees in Germany aged 18 and over, 1,700 telephone interviews, representative.<4/> Method: Q12 instrument, fieldwork 17 November to 20 December 2025.<5/><6>Methodological trap:</6> the 10% comes from the Engagement Index Deutschland (telephone survey). The 11% often placed alongside it comes from 'State of the Global Workplace' (Gallup World Poll). These are <7>two different surveys by the same firm</7> and must not be mixed. For a statement in German, the Engagement Index Deutschland is the right source.<8/> Costs and follow-on values from the same survey: Gallup puts the economic cost of active disengagement for 2025 at <9>€119.2 to €142.3 billion</9>. It is a <10>range</10>, not a point value, rests on a model calculation based on Destatis (Federal Statistical Office of Germany) 2025 and relates exclusively to the 13% who are actively disengaged. Further: 12% are actively looking for a job, and among those who are actively disengaged, 39%; the intention to stay for one year is 56% (2018: 78%); chronic stress at work is reported by 19% overall, 9% of those with high engagement and 41% of those who are actively disengaged.","m1iqh5aads61":"Which gross annual earnings figure is the right basis for calculation?<0>#</0>","m1itnja8v76i":"<0>produktionsausfall-baua-2024</0>","m1iypw7hlxo":"Is Germany the 'world champion of sickness'?<0>#</0>","m1jeczgzky4w":"<0>We never average across health insurance funds</0> and never present one fund's figure as the German figure.","m1jgom351x7h":"How many accidents at work are there in Germany each year?<0>#</0>","m1jq6exqt9u6":"<0>FRIAA (Rothermund et al.; Mulfinger et al.)</0>","m1k6ae7gb2vq":"<0>14.6 working days</0>","m1k81m49cgln":"<0>1</0>Summary: the key figures at a glance","m1kh2ckw1wk8":"<0>16.7%</0>","m1ki2bsuo75r":"At what point must an employer offer occupational reintegration management?<0>#</0>","m1kpxpsizhij":"How much can an employer invest tax-free in health promotion?<0>#</0>","m1kuhz64zorw":"<0>90,749 reported, 26,821 recognised</0>","m1kx3wnjb6tw":"<0>€134 billion as achievable savings potential.</0> BAuA itself describes the figure as a preventive potential that assumes, at the extreme, that every case could be avoided.","m1kzw9fnuaed":"Under <0>Section 3(1) EntgFG</0> you continue to pay wages for up to six weeks per case of illness; after that the statutory health insurance fund pays sickness benefit. Your direct wage cost is therefore capped. A calculation that multiplies all days of absence by one daily rate overstates it. The share-based average is an approximation, not a detailed calculation under the EntgFG and SGB V.","m1l62d4tkcty":"<0><1>8</1>7. How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?</0>","m1l7dwwfvftw":"<0>Barmer / bifg, Gesundheitsreport</0>","m1l8r1bfq1ke":"<0>68%</0>","m1lcpq28en3u":"<0>'Presenteeism causes two thirds of illness-related costs' and the pairs of values €2,399 versus €1,199 per employee per year.</0> A 2011 consultancy estimate for the reference year <1>2009</1>. It calls itself an 'approximate calculation', rests mainly on US literature, and its own empirical basis is a qualitative survey of some twenty companies.","m1lgordmxgsd":"<0>14</0>13. Methodology and updates","m1lkkyfw9slo":"<0>€282.0 million, with falling reach</0>","m1lt6sepa2y3":"<0>7</0>How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?<1>#</1>","m1lwat7uljl":"Depending on the publisher, the share of mental disorders in all days of absence ranges from 12.0% (AOK, data year 2025) to 21.9% (Barmer, data year 2025).<0/>Sources: WIdO/AOK, Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2025, 12.0%, data year 2025, published March 2026 · BAuA, reporting year 2024, 16.7%, published December 2025 · BKK Gesundheitsreport 2025, 17.4%, data year 2024, published December 2025 · DAK-Gesundheitsreport 2026, 18.7%, data year 2025, published July 2026 · TK-Gesundheitsreport 2026, 20.5%, data year 2025 · bifg/Barmer Gesundheitsreport 2026, 21.9%, data year 2025.<1/>Basis: in each case the share of all days of incapacity in the insured population concerned, calendar days.<2/>Method: routine data analyses by the respective insurers, or the aggregate of all GKV insurers at the BAuA.<3/>Why they differ: different insured populations, different age and occupational structures, different diagnosis coding. Since 2024 the DAK assigns only one main diagnosis per case, which is why DAK figures before 2023 cannot be compared with later ones.<4/><5>This page's recommendation:</5> use the BAuA figure (16.7%) as the anchor for a statement about Germany, with the range and all the individual figures alongside. Never average them, and never present one insurer as 'the' German figure.","m1lwv6zabb2l":"<0>11</0>10. Legal framework and funding","m1m0anokvtxr":"What share of reduced earning capacity pensions is due to mental illness?<0>#</0>","m1m9dti9iqmb":"Where does the common formula '€1 returns €2.50 to €4.80' come from?<0>#</0>","m1maxnyqdpme":"What does the best-controlled German study find?<0>#</0>","m1md3zh1kkvr":"<0>2. Why do AOK, TK, Barmer, BKK and DAK report different sickness absence rates, and which figure should I use?</0><1/>Because they count different groups of insured people, standardise in some cases and not in others, and because all the funds count in calendar days, whereas the Federal Statistical Office counts in working days. For a statement about Germany, use the Federal Statistical Office; for a comparison between companies, use the report of the fund with which most of your workforce is insured; for a cost argument, use BAuA. Never average across funds.","m1mdzt1su38e":"<0>6</0>Accidents at work and occupational diseases<1>#</1>","m1mf8ue55td3":"Who works sick particularly often?<0>#</0>","m1mftf2yyvfr":"<0>881.5</0>","m1mozxafiwgu":"<0>17.27 per 1,000 full-time equivalents</0>","m1mtrce5vls2":"<0>42.0%</0>","m1mx2y3rf6nd":"<0>36.2% of the rise in respiratory illness</0>","m1n2pddf41k3":"<0>€85.6 billion</0>","m1nk61eagqzk":"<0>52.0%</0>","m1nl0sw78eik":"<0>Employees</0> who know about a programme","m1nnyv3j78se":"<0>Planned</0>","m1no8g0s5c71":"Sources: <0>BAuA, Volkswirtschaftliche Kosten durch Arbeitsunfähigkeit 2024</0>; <1>Destatis, Krankenstand 2025</1>; Destatis Verdiensterhebung 2025; WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Report 2025. The BAuA figures underestimate short-term cases, because incapacity for work is usually certified only from the third day.","m1nrwkc1g68h":"<0>€134 billion</0>","m1nslgbzqmg0":"<0>On the legal framework and international figures</0>","m1nz2i40mqo8":"In cases of up to six weeks: <0>€538,202</0> (60%). In cases of more than six weeks: <1>€358,802</1> (40%).","m1nz97vab6zu":"<0><1>12</1>11. Frequently asked questions</0>","m1oaji6gkxjg":"<0>Nutrition coaching</0>","m1ofxkd5mmts":"<0>This page's decision rule, in one sentence:</0> for a statement about Germany, use <1>Destatis</1>. To compare your own business, use the report of <2>the fund that insures most of your workforce</2>. For a cost argument, use <3>BAuA</3>.","m1oizf89umo8":"In 2024 there were on average 20.8 days of incapacity for work per employee in Germany.<0/>Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, Berichtsjahr 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga, cost sheet as at 3 December 2025. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, 32.6 million GKV member-years (compulsory and voluntary members entitled to sickness benefit from the AOK, BKK, Ersatzkassen and SVLFG).<3/>Method: aggregation of GKV incapacity-for-work statistics, combined with the national accounts of the Federal Statistical Office. Calculations are in <4>member-years, not in people</4>: a half-year membership counts as 0.5. The series has existed since 1994 (first reporting year 1993).","m1opmx97bhi2":"<0>12</0>List of sources<1>#</1>","m1p1j0sr3oti":"In 2025, employees aged 50 and over accounted for an average of 2,693 days of absence per 100 insured, against 1,744 for those under 50; the average length of a case was 16.3 days against 8.2.<0/> Source: DAK-Gesundheit, Gesundheitsreport 2026, focus topic 'Arbeiten ab 50', data year 2025, published 20 July 2026. <1>https://www.dak.de/dak/unternehmen/reporte-forschung/gesundheitsreport-2026_223108</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, around 2.2 million employed DAK members.<3/> Method: routine data analysis by the IGES Institut. In this analysis the sickness absence rate rises from 5.8% at age 50 to 11.0% at age 66.","m1p2cgpi6ovw":"<0>Melanoma screening</0>","m1pbj1uu8l14":"<0>On the prevalence of corporate health management</0>","m1peritkfirt":"For Germany, Gallup's Engagement Index 2025 uses a cost of €347.20 per day of absence.<0/> Source: Gallup (2026), Gallup Engagement Index Deutschland 2025, Gallup GmbH, Berlin, data year 2025, published 12 March 2026. <1>https://www.gallup.com/file/de/702908/Engagement_Index_Deutschland_2025_Bericht.pdf</1><2/> Basis: a calculation variable within Gallup's cost modelling, based on Statistisches Bundesamt 2025.<3/> Method: Gallup model calculation based on the days of absence reported by respondents themselves.<4/> Context: the figure is well above the BAuA productivity loss of €152 because it is defined differently. We present it as a Gallup calculation variable and <5>not as an official cost figure per day of absence</5>. We use this figure on this page with the link back to the original document that Gallup requires.","m1pnspgp4lur":"How many employees in Germany are reported sick on average over the year?<0>#</0>","m1q0ccv2v9xc":"<0>5</0>4. Mental health at work","m1q4aytzv6yt":"What does mental illness cost the European economy?<0>#</0>","m1q4jmb9k530":"<0>3.79</0>","m1qkow5zknr2":"<0>own projection, not an official value</0>","m1qqp9udvuix":"<0><1>11</1>10. Legal framework and funding</0>","m1qxfdygunkm":"<0>5. What role does the electronic certificate of incapacity for work play in the rise since 2022?</0><1/>A large one. Since 1 January 2022, every sick note reaches the insurance fund automatically, whereas before only those that were submitted did. The Federal Statistical Office attributes the rise since 2022 largely to this, and the IGES Institute puts the eAU share of the rise in respiratory incapacity for work at 36.2%. Any time series spanning 2022 needs a break marker.","m1r2vhzkgda1":"<0>WHO</0>","m1r3eycbjq6o":"Under Section 20(6) sentence 1 of Book V of the German Social Code (SGB V), from 2019 health insurance funds are to spend a total of €7.52 on prevention and health promotion for each insured person. Of this, at least €2.15 is to be spent on services under Section 20a SGB V (settings) and at least €3.15 on services under Section 20b SGB V (workplace health promotion), and at least €1.00 of that Section 20b minimum on facilities under Section 107 SGB V and Section 71 SGB XI.<0/> Source: Section 20(6) SGB V, version in force since 1 January 2019 (introduced by the Pflegepersonal-Stärkungsgesetz, the Nursing Staff Strengthening Act), accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/sgb_5/__20.html</1><2/> Basis: per insured person and calendar year, per health insurance fund.<3/> Method: statutory text. Under Section 20(6) sentence 5 SGB V the amounts are adjusted annually in line with <4>the percentage change in the monthly reference amount under Section 18(1) SGB IV</4>, not under Section 71(3) SGB V.<5/><6>Important context:</6> the law says 'should', and the prevention report calls the values 'reference values'. <7>It is a soft target for the health insurance funds, not an obligation on the employer and not an entitlement of an establishment.</7>","m1r41485aggj":"68.3% of working-age Barmer members had at least one sick note in 2025; at DAK the share affected was 62.5% in 2025.<0/> Source: BARMER Institut für Gesundheitssystemforschung (bifg), Gesundheitsreport 2026, data year 2025, published April 2026 (<1>https://www.bifg.de/media/dl/Reporte/Gesundheitsreporte/2026/bifg-gesundheitsreport-2026-standardauswertungen.pdf</1>); DAK-Gesundheit, Gesundheitsreport 2026, data year 2025, published 20 July 2026 (<2>https://www.dak.de/dak/unternehmen/reporte-forschung/gesundheitsreport-2026_223108</2>).<3/> Basis: calendar days, Barmer 3.52 million standardised members of working age, DAK around 2.2 million employed members.<4/> Method: routine data analyses by each insurer. The two figures are not directly comparable because the populations and the standardisation differ.","m1r643hoenid":"<0>Data security</0>","m1rgufj71b77":"<0>9.21</0>","m1ribng4bjrx":"<0>IFBG, TK and Haufe, #whatsnext</0>","m1rj5sfbn34m":"How many German studies are in this evidence base?<0>#</0>","m1ruese6j5qa":"<0>Editorial rule of this page:</0> we never average across funds, we never present the figure of a single fund as 'the German sickness absence rate', and every sentence names the fund, the data year and the basis.","m1rv7xdicar1":"<0>6.02%, 21.98 days of absence</0>","m1rvxk83sbwa":"<0>€152 per day of incapacity</0>","m1s2v7k4vkzg":"<0>Not on four of five measures</0>","m1s57fzck0ug":"Which figure does the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health use?<0>#</0>","m1s8g3215b8f":"<0>12</0>11. Frequently asked questions","m1s9ikyw1orf":"In 2024 the statutory accident insurance providers paid out around €12.30 billion in compensation benefits, up 2.9%, which equates to €266 per full-time equivalent or €0.79 per €100 of earnings.<0/> Source: DGUV: Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: expenditure of the DGUV member institutions, not economic costs.<3/> Method: accounting results of the accident insurance providers.<4/> Scope: <5>the DGUV does not publish an economy-wide estimate of accident costs.</5> Anyone who needs a whole-economy cost figure should use the BAuA values from section 3.","m1sd3u4va9op":"In 2024 the productivity loss caused by mental illness in Germany came to around €38 billion, equivalent to 0.8% of gross domestic product.<0/> Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga; independently cited in the DGPPN fact sheet Basisdaten Psychische Erkrankungen, as at March 2026. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: productivity loss under the wage cost approach, diagnosis group F00-F99.<3/> Method: the diagnosis group's share of the BAuA's total productivity loss.","m1srsyksfgcz":"The OECD estimates that mental illness will reduce economic output by an average of 1.7% of gross domestic product per year between 2025 and 2050, and puts EU-wide <0>direct health spending</0> at €76 billion a year, around 6% of health budgets. It also expects healthy life expectancy to be 2.5 years shorter EU-wide and around 28,000 premature deaths a year.<1/> Source: OECD (2026), The Economic Case for Preventing Mental Ill Health, OECD Health Policy Studies, published 30 April 2026. <2>https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/the-economic-case-for-preventing-mental-ill-health_16668f16-en.html</2><3/> Basis: OECD and EU countries, projection period 2025 to 2050.<4/> Method: OECD macroeconomic modelling.<5/> Prevalence figures from the same publication: slightly over <6>20%</6> of people in the OECD and EU countries had a mental illness in 2023, among 15- to 24-year-olds more than one in four; among those diagnosed, around 40% had anxiety disorders, 20% depressive disorders and 17% substance use disorders. <7>No value specific to Germany is given in this publication.</7><8/><9>Important distinction:</9> the €76 billion is <10>direct health spending only</10>. It does not replace the frequently cited €600 billion from 'Health at a Glance: Europe 2018' (reference year 2015), which was an <11>overall estimate</11> made up of direct health costs (€190 billion), social security (€170 billion) and indirect labour market costs (€260 billion). Presenting the €76 billion as 'the cost of mental illness in Europe' underestimates it by about an order of magnitude.","m1t0b2nrsag7":"<0>'65% of establishments assess mental stress.'</0> The 65% refers to establishments that carry out a risk assessment at all, which is around 44% of all establishments.","m1t24pd6e5rb":"<0>GDA / National Occupational Safety and Health Conference, establishment and employee survey</0>","m1t6drp5cdmc":"Under Section 5(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (ArbSchG), employers must determine which occupational health and safety measures are needed by assessing the hazards associated with the work. Section 5(3) no. 6 ArbSchG expressly lists 'mental stress at work' among the sources of hazard to be considered. This provision has applied since 25 October 2013.<0/>Source: Section 5 ArbSchG, accessed September 2026. <1>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/arbschg/__5.html</1><2/> Basis: all employers in Germany, regardless of the number of employees.<3/>Method: statutory text, inserted by Art. 8 of the BUK-Neuorganisationsgesetz.<4/><5>Nor is there any small-business exemption from the documentation duty any more.</5> The earlier exemption for employers with ten or fewer employees in Section 6(1) ArbSchG was repealed on the same day. Since 25 October 2013, <6>every</6> employer with at least one employee has had to document the risk assessment; only the scope scales ('depending on the nature of the activities and the number of employees'). Any statement that small businesses are exempt has been out of date for thirteen years.<7/>In addition: Section 4 no. 1 ArbSchG requires work to be designed so that any danger 'to life and to physical and mental health' is avoided as far as possible. Section 3(3) ArbSchG prohibits passing the costs of occupational health and safety on to employees.<8/><9>There is no new EU directive on psychosocial risks.</9> What exists is a resolution of the European Parliament (P9_TA(2023)0457) and the EU Strategic Framework on Health and Safety at Work 2021 to 2027. With Section 5(3) no. 6 ArbSchG, Germany already exceeds the European minimum standard.","m1td8kqvngqp":"What does statutory accident insurance pay out in compensation?<0>#</0>","m1ths0ol8etc":"<0>Not in the summary, on purpose.</0> No burnout prevalence (section 14). No presenteeism cost figure (section 5). No 'share of German companies with corporate health management', because the honest answer is the four-source comparison in section 7, not a tile.","m1tv9z6gwzvo":"How much do German employers pay each year for continued payment of wages?<0>#</0>","m1txhvldt1r2":"<0>3</0>What absences cost<1>#</1>","m1tzls7i9j43":"How much do the health insurance funds spend on workplace health promotion?<0>#</0>","m1ugfbp2oaoi":"<0>Germany</0>","m1ujf0kv427f":"<0>7. How much do employers in Germany pay per year in continued payment of wages during sickness?</0><1/>An estimated €85.6 billion in 2025, of which €72.5 billion is gross wages and €13.1 billion estimated employer social security contributions (IW Köln, IW-Kurzbericht No. 57/2026).","m1uk424buswr":"the <0>base</0> (calendar days or working days, and which population),","m1usvijj0stp":"In 2024 productivity loss from incapacity for work in Germany came to around €134 billion, equivalent to 3.0% of gross national income.<0/> Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga, cost sheet as at 3 December 2025. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: wage cost approach, 881.5 million days of incapacity, 32.6 million GKV member years.<3/> Method: valuation of the working years lost at the average compensation of employees from the national accounts.<4/> A caveat the BAuA itself states, and which must travel with the figure: the figure describes a <5>prevention potential</5> under the extreme assumption that all absence could be avoided. <6>It is not a saving that can be achieved</6> and must not be presented by a corporate health management provider as an addressable market.","m1usyzur8bvn":"In 2023 the direct costs of illness for mental and behavioural disorders in Germany were €63.3 billion, which is 12.9% of all costs of illness and puts them second, behind diseases of the circulatory system (€64.6 billion, 13.1%).<0/> Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, cost-of-illness accounts (Krankheitskostenrechnung), press release no. 293 of 8 August 2025, data year 2023. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2025/08/PD25_293_236.html</1><2/> Basis: direct medical costs, ICD-10 chapter F00-F99, Genesis statistic 23631.<3/> Method: cost-of-illness accounts of the Federal Statistical Office. In 2020 the figure was €54.2 billion.<4/> Scope: €63.3 billion in direct costs and €38 billion in indirect costs are two different calculations with different reference years. They must not be added together.","m1uw9jaifu19":"Germany has better data here than Switzerland: <0>every year, an official, audited record shows what the health insurance funds spend on workplace health promotion and how many establishments and employees that spending reaches</0>, going back to 2014.","m1ve5z8jw66t":"How do people in employment deal with depression at work?<0>#</0>","m1veagdvxncw":"<0>13</0>12. List of sources","m1vizj5n38":"<0>€152</0>","m1vm3josmtkn":"Which figure applies for 2025, and why is it different?<0>#</0>","m1w0abciwcbz":"<0>4% of the establishments reached have 1 to 9 employees</0>","m1w1f8pbj9dn":"<0>€12.30 billion</0>","m1ws3d85r20":"<0>Three cost concepts that mean different things.</0>","m1wwuui55813":"<0><1>3</1>2. Absence in Germany</0>","m1wzun6povtn":"<0>23.55 calendar days correspond arithmetically to around 14.2 working days</0>","m1x1h62iqbyc":"<0>10% with high emotional engagement</0>","m1x1oyxvyhmw":"<0>DGPPN, Basisdaten Psychische Erkrankungen</0>","m1xhae3i142y":"What is the picture in a sector where most employers belong to an association?<0>#</0>","m1xlrcsqvv94":"<0>€8.53</0>","m1xtadap1hcg":"<0>Eye screening</0>","m1xzp2glhtje":"<0>2,064,293</0>","m1y2ocha1k8x":"<0>Any claim that telephone sick notes have been abolished or an unpaid waiting day introduced.</0> Announced, not decided.","m1ydizffi51m":"<0>Data Licence Germany Attribution 2.0 (dl-de/by-2-0).</0> Commercial use with attribution expressly permitted. Citation string: 'Datenquelle: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Genesis-Online, Abrufdatum; Datenlizenz by-2-0', with 'eigene Berechnung/eigene Darstellung' added where the data has been processed","m1yjujq4xvrq":"<0>BAuA / BMAS, 'Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit' (SuGA) and cost sheet</0>","m1ykms3yz6cb":"<0><1>4</1>3. What absence costs</0>","m1yp2g11pu6z":"<0>18.7 per 1,000 full-time equivalents in establishments of up to 9 full-time equivalents</0>","m1yq92a92xeu":"<0>The anchor value of the page.</0> Short version, calculator","m1ysokehm02q":"<0>€600 per employee per year</0>","m1yvdn25t3g4":"<0>On the presenteeism question</0>","m1yvpdh6ge79":"<0>881.5 million days of incapacity</0>","m1yyl54ka8sh":"Cases of incapacity for work lasting more than six weeks made up only 3.3% of all cases in 2025 but caused over 40% of all days of absence.<0/> Source: Scientific Institute of the AOK (WIdO), Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2025, press release of 16 March 2026, data year 2025. <1>https://www.wido.de/news-presse/pressemitteilungen/2026/fehlzeiten-bilanz-2025-leichter-rueckgang-der-krankheitstage-weiterhin-hohe-ausfallzeiten-wegen-langzeiterkrankungen/</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, employed AOK members.<3/> Method: analysis of WIdO routine data.<4/> Why this matters for cost calculations: the employer's continued payment of wages ends after six weeks (Section 3(1) EFZG). The share of costs an employer bears itself is therefore systematically smaller than the share of days of absence.","m1yzd5x7xp2":"<0>Any claim of a new EU directive on psychosocial risks.</0> None exists.","m1z3kogn694i":"Spending by the statutory health insurance funds on workplace health promotion rose from €76,246,272 in 2015 to €281,956,037 in 2024, a factor of 3.7, while the number of establishments reached rose from 10,922 to 28,142, a factor of 2.6. <0>2024 was the first year since 2020 in which both the number of establishments reached and the number of employees reached fell.</0><1/> Source: HEALTH PRIME's own compilation from the GKV/MD prevention reports 2016 to 2025, reporting years 2015 to 2024, published by GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst Bund (until 2022: GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst des Spitzenverbandes Bund der Krankenkassen). <2>https://www.gkv-spitzenverband.de/krankenversicherung/praevention_selbsthilfe_beratung/praevention_und_bgf/praeventionsbericht/praeventionsbericht.jsp</2><3/> Basis: expenditure under Section 20b SGB V, establishments and sites reached, employees reached, per reporting year.<4/> Method: combining the annual values from each report. <5>The time series is our own compilation; the individual values come from the respective reports.</5>","m1z4yqvjr62m":"<0>Epigenetic coaching</0>","m1zfb1r7m5v9":"How many days of incapacity for work occur in Germany in total?<0>#</0>","m1ziln57eh3k":"What does a day of absence cost according to Gallup?<0>#</0>","m1zj24uo97is":"<0>BKK Dachverband, Gesundheitsreport and monthly series</0>","m1zmz82539x5":"<0>Any figure from a corporate health management provider's blog that names no primary source.</0> The German corporate health management content space is heavily contaminated; we treat every non-primary source as unverified.","m1ztbg3ktc7f":"<0>17</0>16. Change log","m1ztoh299xu3":"<0>We publish no screening results of our own.</0> HEALTH PRIME carries out workplace health screenings, but no metric derived from them appears on this page. If we publish analyses in future, they will be aggregated and pseudonymised, with no individual person or client company identifiable, minimum group sizes enforced, on the basis of explicit consent under Art. 9(2)(a) GDPR in conjunction with Section 22 BDSG, secured by a works agreement under Art. 88 GDPR, and with strict separation of occupational physicians' data from data accessible to the employer (Section 6 ArbMedVV, medical confidentiality, Section 203 StGB).","m1zvz8j8q180":"<0>What changed in 2022.</0> Since 1 January 2022, medical practices have transmitted sick notes electronically to the health insurance funds, and since 1 January 2023 employers have been obliged to retrieve them electronically (Section 109 SGB IV, Section 295(1) SGB V, Section 5(1a) EFZG). Before that, a fund recorded a sick note only if the member submitted it. <1>Any time series that runs across 2022 needs a visible break marker.</1> On this page, the note on the break appears next to every affected figure.","m2001rzurnvb":"<0>'53% of companies offer workplace health promotion.'</0> The BIBB/BAuA figure refers to <1>employees</1> who know of a programme, not to companies.","m200pukifh5j":"<0><1>5</1>4. Mental health at work</0>","m205dgietty6":"<0>€491.6 billion as the cost of absence.</0> The cost-of-illness accounts contain only direct treatment costs and expressly exclude production loss.","m205puw2g5rl":"How many employees are signed off sick at least once in a year?<0>#</0>","m20b30o3sovk":"In 2025 employers in Germany spent an estimated €85.6 billion on continued payment of wages during illness.<0/> Source: Pimpertz, Jochen (2026), Entgeltfortzahlung bei Krankheit kostet 85,6 Milliarden Euro, IW-Kurzbericht Nr. 57/2026, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft, Cologne, 29 August 2026, DOI 10.67087/19.21483, data year 2025. <1>https://www.iwkoeln.de/studien/jochen-pimpertz-entgeltfortzahlung-bei-krankheit-kostet-856-milliarden-euro.html</1><2/> Basis: all employers in Germany, calendar year 2025, excluding maternity protection.<3/> Method: <4>estimate.</4> Gross pay during illness comes from the BMAS social budget (table III-2); employers' social insurance contributions are estimated from the distribution of pay bands in the DRV insured-persons statistics, because contributions are only payable up to the contribution assessment ceilings. The IW itself describes the figure as an estimate.<5/> Breakdown: €72.5 billion gross pay and €13.1 billion estimated employer social insurance contributions. A further €3.2 billion is maternity protection, which is not illness-related and is therefore not included in the figure. Previous year (data year 2024): €82 billion. The IW writes that expenditure has more than doubled in nominal terms over a decade and a half.<6/> Comparison of scale, same source family: in data year 2023, employers' expenditure on continued payment of wages was <7>four times the sickness benefit expenditure of statutory health insurance</7> and around 25% of total GKV expenditure (Pimpertz, J. and Holtmeyer, L. (2025), IW-Report Nr. 26, published 10 June 2025, <8>https://www.iwkoeln.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Studien/Report/PDF/2025/IW-Report_2025-Krankenstand.pdf</8>).<9/> Context: editorial transparency is part of this. The Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft is funded by employers and argues in the same publication for a limit on continued payment of wages. We quote the cost figure and do not adopt the political position.","m20rf17ov41g":"<0>IW Köln, IW-Kurzbericht and IW-Report</0>","m20zycbxch7t":"<0>The official guideline values under Section 20(6) SGB V for 2025 and 2026.</0> We do not know them. What appears on this page is our own projection, marked as such.","m214luykqc85":"<0>5.7 versus 9.7 days of absence</0>","m214sk1lrywx":"<0>First time at number 1 in the first half of 2026</0>","m21ge2ffzzcy":"<0>An ROI of 2.7 without the 1.8.</0> Anyone who quotes the mean from iga.Report 40 without the quality stratification shown on the same page is suppressing the finding. We give both (Section 8).","m21k72mwzlxb":"<0>The business case for corporate health management</0>","m21l642qynqb":"<0>Estimated annual cost volume of absence</0><1>€897,004</1>","m21v8wnugmbe":"The twelve-month prevalence of mental illness among adults in Germany was 27.8%, around 17.8 million people affected, measured in the survey period 2008 to 2011.<0/> Source: DGPPN (2025), Basisdaten Psychische Erkrankungen, as at March 2026, dgppn.de/schwerpunkte/zahlenundfakten.html; primary source Jacobi, F., Höfler, M., Strehle, J. et al. (2014), Der Nervenarzt 85:77-87, DOI 10.1007/s00115-013-3961-y, and the erratum Jacobi et al. (2016), Der Nervenarzt 87:88-90, DOI 10.1007/s00115-015-4458-7.<1/> Basis: adult resident population of Germany, twelve-month prevalence according to DEGS1-MH.<2/> Method: German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults, mental health supplement, standardised clinical interview.<3/><4>The caveat belongs in the same sentence as the figure.</4> The DGPPN states expressly: 'Es gibt derzeit keine aktuelleren repräsentativen Daten zur Prävalenz psychischer Erkrankungen in Deutschland.' (There are currently no more recent representative data on the prevalence of mental illness in Germany.) According to the DGPPN, the more recent surveys by the Robert Koch Institute measure <5>symptoms, not diagnoses</5>, and allow no conclusions about the prevalence of mental illness. We therefore do not publish a symptom rate as the frequency of illness.<6/> Individual findings from the same survey: anxiety disorders 15.4%, affective disorders 9.8%, unipolar depression 8.2%. Administrative prevalence based on GKV diagnoses 2024: 40.9%.","m21wkf54fzuk":"Of 171,732 new pensions for reduced earning capacity in 2024, 72,095 were due to mental and behavioural disorders (ICD-10 chapter F00-F99), which is 42.0%.<0/> Source: Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund, Rentenversicherung in Zeitreihen 2025, 31st edition, DRV-Schriften vol. 22, published October 2025, data year 2024. <1>https://www.deutsche-rentenversicherung.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Statistiken-und-Berichte/statistikpublikationen/rv_in_zeitreihen.pdf</1><2/> Basis: new pensions for reduced earning capacity, classified by ICD-10 chapter.<3/> Method: full register of the Deutsche Rentenversicherung statistics.<4/> Time series of the share: 2000 31.5%, 2010 45.6%, 2015 49.1%, 2020 47.8%, 2023 47.8%, 2024 42.0%.","m21wr0r4i3tc":"<0>42.3 million employees</0>","m220tu0xbxx":"<0/><1>B: Own pay</1>","m222ldx42z2c":"<0>On mental health</0>","m22e0fwxdtbq":"<0>Every metric has a permanent anchor.</0> Anchor addresses never change after publication, because others cite them.","m22k0zbk9pnl":"Your assumption<0>Market convention 220</0>","m22pcns1xiq":"In 2021, 22% of the people in employment surveyed in Germany knew of an in-house point of contact such as the occupational physician, workplace social counselling or the works council; 30% of this group had used it, and 74% of those who had used it reported good experiences.<0/> Source: Stiftung Deutsche Depressionshilfe, 5. Deutschland-Barometer Depression, 'Depression in der Arbeitswelt', fieldwork September 2021, published 2021. <1>https://www.deutsche-depressionshilfe.de/media/331/download/Barometer%202021_Grafikband%20Presse.pdf</1><2/> Basis: 5,283 people aged 18 to 69, representative online panel, funded by the Deutsche Bahn Stiftung.<3/> Method: online panel survey.<4/> Further findings from the same wave: 20% of people in employment have received a diagnosis of depression and a further 19% suspect an unrecognised episode; 15% have experienced a colleague's suicide or suicide attempt; only a third are open about the illness at work, of whom 70% report positive experiences, but 26% had the impression that the illness rather than their performance was the focus.<5/> Perceived causes in the same wave, which the foundation expressly calls a misconception: <6>95%</6> of respondents see strains at work as a cause of depression, 93% conflicts at work and 83% constant availability, while only <7>64%</7> know about the hereditary component. According to the publisher, the causal role of work is overestimated. We publish this finding although it runs counter to our own business model, because it is true and because leaving it out would cost the other figures their credibility.<8/><9>A point about timing that must travel with the figure:</9> this is the 2021 wave. The latest wave of the Deutschland-Barometer (2025) deals with social media. Any statement about the world of work attributed to a Barometer from 2024, 2025 or 2026 is very probably a misattribution of this 2021 data.","m22vhl0stkg7":"<0>Any German presenteeism cost figure.</0> At present there is none that meets the requirements of this page.","m22xb69dwq7a":"<0>Six weeks at 100%</0>","m22z69yhyfgu":"Health economics context only. <0>It excludes productivity loss and is not a figure for the cost of absence.</0>","m233jvdr0d6m":"<0>Productivity loss (€152 per day of incapacity)</0>","m236x15fkfoh":"In 2025 a case of incapacity for work due to mental illness lasted 28.5 calendar days on average among AOK members and 42.1 calendar days among Barmer members, in both groups the longest of any diagnosis group.<0/> Sources: WIdO/AOK, Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2025, data year 2025, published 16 March 2026 (<1>https://www.wido.de/news-presse/pressemitteilungen/2026/fehlzeiten-bilanz-2025-leichter-rueckgang-der-krankheitstage-weiterhin-hohe-ausfallzeiten-wegen-langzeiterkrankungen/</1>); bifg (2026), Gesundheitsreport 2026, data year 2025, published April 2026 (<2>https://www.bifg.de/media/dl/Reporte/Gesundheitsreporte/2026/bifg-gesundheitsreport-2026-standardauswertungen.pdf</2>).<3/> Basis: calendar days per case of incapacity, different insured populations.<4/> Method: routine data analyses by the respective insurer. Barmer also reports 481 days of incapacity per 100 insurance years, around 4.8 days per person of working age.<5/> A rule of thumb from the BKK data that holds up well: mental disorders rarely cause a case of incapacity (BKK 2024: 5.2% of all cases), but when they do, it lasts around five calendar weeks on average.<6/> Third comparison figure, different source: for data year 2024 the DAK Psychreport reports 342 days of incapacity per 100 insured due to mental illness, with a case duration of 33 days, of which 182.6 days per 100 insured for depression, and 431 against 266 days for women against men (DAK-Gesundheit, analysis by the IGES Institut, published 2025, <7>https://www.dak.de/dak/unternehmen/reporte-forschung/gesundheitsreport-2026_223108</7>). Note on the state of publication: the DAK's Psychreport and Gesundheitsreport appear to be merging into one joint IGES analysis; a separate edition for data year 2025 could not be found at the time of going to press.","m23owk5wnxjr":"Depending on the month, the sickness absence rate of GKV members entitled to sickness benefit ranged in 2025 from 4.16% (January) to 6.73% (October), each measured on the first day of the month.<0/>Source: Federal Ministry of Health (BMG), GKV-Statistik KM1, monthly values January to December 2025, data year 2025, as at 5 January 2026. <1>https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/fileadmin/Dateien/3_Downloads/Statistiken/GKV/Mitglieder_Versicherte/KM1_Januar_bis_Dezember_2025.pdf</1><2/>Basis: members entitled to sickness benefit who were incapacitated for work, as a percentage of all members entitled to sickness benefit, reference date the 1st of each month, Germany overall, key number 15030.<3/>Method: official GKV membership statistics, full survey of all statutory health insurance funds.","m23vpw2ygm0k":"<0>kosten-je-au-tag-baua-2024</0>","m23x97cpumfy":"In 2024, 86% of funded workplace health promotion activities had a success evaluation carried out or planned, using four indicators on average. The most common indicators were employee satisfaction (73%), employer satisfaction (68%), acceptance and take-up (62%) and processes and workflows (25%).<0/> Source: GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst Bund (eds) (2025), Präventionsbericht 2025, Berichtsjahr 2024. <1>https://www.gkv-spitzenverband.de/media/dokumente/krankenversicherung_1/praevention__selbsthilfe__beratung/praevention/praeventionsbericht/2025_GKV_MD_Praventionsbericht_barrierefrei.pdf</1><2/> Basis: documented workplace health promotion activities of the reporting year.<3/> Method: workplace health promotion documentation of the health insurance funds.<4/> This context is uncomfortable for us, but it belongs on the page: <5>health outcomes, absence and costs do not appear among the reported indicators.</5> In 2024 the statutory health insurance funds spent around €282 million on workplace health promotion and measured its success essentially by satisfaction and take-up. Among the funded networks, only 32% carried out any evaluation.","m24086vnwu4h":"<0><1>6</1>5. Presenteeism: what is established and what is not</0>","m24sv5b7jvd8":"<0>4. How has the sickness absence rate developed since 1991?</0><1/>From 12.7 working days (1991) it fell to 8.1 days by 2007, a decline of 36%, and then rose to 14.6 days in 2025. Between 2021 and 2025 the increase was 3.4 days.","m24yz80yh800":"<0>WIdO, G+G Wissenschaft</0>","m253nhx3z5un":"The accident rate falls as establishment size rises: in establishments of up to 9 full-time equivalents it was 18.7 per 1,000 full-time equivalents in 2024, and new accident pensions arose there at 0.40 per 1,000 full-time equivalents, against 0.15 in the largest establishments.<0/> Source: DGUV: Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: reportable accidents at work per 1,000 full-time equivalents by establishment size class.<3/> Method: <4>extrapolated from a sample</4> using the birthday procedure, with the extrapolation uncertainties stated by the DGUV. New accident pensions are recorded in full, but only around 8% relate to accidents from the same year and must therefore never be presented as a subset of the accidents of the same year.","m25i9hewzcp9":"<0>High study quality</0>","m25kml14qipe":"<0>'43%' or '47.7%' of early retirements due to mental illness.</0> The first figure is an outdated version of the ICD series, the second is the share of women. The current figures are 42.0% (ICD, 2024) and 41.1% (indication group, 2025), and the two classification systems must never appear in one time series.","m260nxuqwm2i":"In a survey of establishments mainly in the metal and electrical industry, 91% said they carry out a risk assessment and 73% that they take mental strain into account in it; 71% of establishments see mental disorders as a relevant topic.<0/> Source: Stahn, C. (2026), ifaa-Trendstudie: Psychische Gesundheit im betrieblichen Kontext, ifaa – Institut für angewandte Arbeitswissenschaft e. V., Düsseldorf, document date 26 March 2026, survey July to November 2025. <1>https://www.arbeitswissenschaft.net/fileadmin/Downloads/Angebote_und_Produkte/Studien/Trendstudie_Psychische_Gesundheit.pdf</1><2/> Basis: n = 293 establishments, 226 complete questionnaires, n = 208 for the question on mental strain; around 80% members of an employer association.<3/> Method: online survey distributed through employers' associations of the metal and electrical industry.<4/><5>Caveat from the authors, quoted:</5> 'it is an \"ad hoc sample\", so the results cannot be regarded as representative in terms of distribution by establishment size, region and WZ classification. Nor can it be ruled out that the participating establishments are a positive selection.'<6/><7>Why we show this figure only next to the GDA value:</7> 91% against 68% is the size of the selection effect. Showing that difference tells you more than either value alone.","m26ab5mpfkou":"How much have days of absence due to mental illness risen over the long term?<0>#</0>","m26sdo9d3o91":"In the fourth wave of the European establishment survey ESENER, 25% of organisations said in 2024 that psychosocial risks were not present in their establishment; 21% consider them harder to manage than other risks (Sweden 38%, Denmark 37%). Employee involvement in designing measures against psychosocial risks fell from 61% (2019) to 55% (2024).<0/> Source: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA), ESENER 2024, first results, press release of 7 February 2025, fieldwork May to October 2024. <1>https://osha.europa.eu/en/facts-and-figures/esener</1><2/> Basis: <3>EU-wide values</3>, 41,458 establishments in 30 countries (EU27 plus Iceland, Norway and Switzerland).<4/> Method: telephone and online survey of organisations with five or more employees.<5/><6>No value for Germany is given here.</6> The ESENER figures for Germany circulating online mix EU and country values. For reliable German ESENER values, use the open-access publication Lunau, T., Wahrendorf, M., Beck, D. et al. (2026), Verbreitung betrieblicher Präventionsmaßnahmen im Umgang mit psychosozialen Risiken der Arbeit in Deutschland, Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, DOI 10.1007/s40664-026-00611-9, or the ESENER data tool with a country filter.<7/> Further EU values 2024: prolonged sitting 64%, repetitive hand and arm movements 63%, difficult customers, patients or pupils 56%, heavy lifting 52%, time pressure 43%, working from home 23% (2019: 13%).","m26vcl6cbh0y":"BAuA's caveat on the last row, quoted: 'For establishments with 250 or more employees, the number of cases is too small to compare 2015 with 2023/2024' (n = 53 and 48). <0>The apparent fall from 98 to 91% is not a finding.</0><1/> Further values: employee involvement in the risk assessment rose from 68% (2015) to 79% (2023/24), and manager training from 39% to 64%.","m26xn9vxivgd":"What are the direct costs of illness in Germany?<0>#</0>","m270gof6suc4":"<0>€600</0>","m27432o4mdhd":"<0>praesentismus-iab-2016</0>","m27ej6buys5l":"<0><1>17</1>16. Change log</0>","m27gv6w27te5":"<0>Noise-induced hearing loss, 8,897 recognitions</0>","m27l70fpar66":"The share of employees in Germany who know about workplace health promotion programmes at their workplace rose from 38% in 2006 to 53% in 2024.<0/> Source: Wrage, W. and Schulz, A. (2026), Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung 2024: Entwicklung von Angebot und Teilnahme, BIBB/BAuA-Faktenblatt 57, Dortmund: BAuA, DOI 10.21934/baua:fakten20260121, data year 2024. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Angebote/Publikationen/Fakten/BIBB-BAuA-57</1><2/> Basis: <3>employees</3>, not establishments. People in employment aged 15 and over working at least ten hours a week.<4/> Method: BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024, n = 20,006, CATI, dual-frame sample, eighth wave of the series.<5/><6>The distinction belongs in the same sentence:</6> 53% is the share of <7>employees</7> who know of a programme at their workplace, not the share of <8>companies</8> that provide one. The statement '53% of companies offer workplace health promotion' is wrong.<9/> According to BAuA, programmes are most common in large establishments, in industry and in the public sector, and more common where a works council or staff council exists.<10/> Participation, same survey and same data year: <11>58%</11> of those aware of a programme took part in 2024, a figure almost unchanged from 2018.","m27o9vbqr9x3":"<0>€0.92 against €1.13 per insured person</0>","m27qt0ipieof":"What is the annual average of the KM1 monthly values?<0>#</0>","m27rk7ur2qjc":"<0>3.3% of cases, over 40% of days</0>","m27xl1mo4c5y":"The existing calculators for the cost of absence rest on assumptions that differ by a factor of two to three: <0>220, 250 or 365 working days; employer social insurance contributions of 20.0%, 21.0% or 23.38%; costs per day between €152 and €1,000.</0> This calculator states its assumptions, explains them and prints the formula with your figures beneath the result. It estimates a volume of costs, not a saving, and does not replace a cost calculation.","m281ce5ntm86":"<0>68%</0>","m28p51v23lmv":"<0>€347.20 per day of absence</0>","m28q5jk95g7s":"The member-weighted combination of the AOK and BKK values of 23.55 calendar days for 2023 corresponds, at 220 working days a year, to around 14.2 working days, compared with the Destatis figure of 15.1 working days for the same year.<0/>Source: Pimpertz, J. and Holtmeyer, L. (2025), Krankenstand in Deutschland. Entwicklung und Einflussfaktoren, IW-Report Nr. 26, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft, Köln, 10 June 2025, p. 11 f., data year 2023. <1>https://www.iwkoeln.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Studien/Report/PDF/2025/IW-Report_2025-Krankenstand.pdf</1><2/> Basis: conversion of calendar days into working days at 220 scheduled working days.<3/>Method: methodological reconciliation of the fund-based statistics with the IAB working time accounts.<4/>What explains the remaining difference: weekend and public holiday working in some sectors, and sick notes issued only up to the coming weekend.<5/>Context: the Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft is employer-funded and, in the same publication series, argues for a limit on continued payment of wages. We cite the methodological calculation, not the political assessment.","m28x5l4vd9ar":"<0>Method of calculation</0><1><2/><3>A: National benchmark (BAuA daily rates)</3></1><4><5/><6>B: Own pay</6></4>","m28yi5h5hcf1":"Of 175,978 new pensions for reduced earning capacity in 2025, 72,301 were in the indication group psychosomatics and psychotherapy, which is 41.1% (men 32.2%, women 48.6%).<0/> Source: Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund, Rentenversicherung in Zahlen 2026, as at 25 June 2026, data year 2025. <1>https://www.deutsche-rentenversicherung.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Statistiken-und-Berichte/statistikpublikationen/rv_in_zahlen.pdf</1><2/> Basis: new pensions for reduced earning capacity, classified by indication group, used since reporting year 2021.<3/> Method: full register of the Deutsche Rentenversicherung statistics.<4/> Age at entry, same source and same data year: the average age at the start of a pension for reduced earning capacity in 2025 was <5>53.8 years</5> (men 54.4, women 53.4; 2020: 53.2; 2000: 51.4).<6/><7>Classification trap, which the DRV itself points out:</7> ICD chapters and indication groups are two incompatible classification systems. They must never be mixed in one time series. The 43% circulating in the market is an outdated figure from the ICD series; the 47.7% in circulation is the women's share, not the overall share.","m295yr53grjo":"The multicentre randomised controlled trial FRIAA (early intervention in the workplace, n = 550) had self-reported days of incapacity for work as its primary endpoint and found 21 days in the intervention group against 22 days in the control group (p = 0.679). The formal cost-utility analysis showed additional costs of €3,484.29 per year (95% confidence interval 1,033.91 to 5,934.67; p = 0.005) with a non-significant QALY gain of 0.021 (p = 0.203), that is an incremental cost-utility ratio of around €165,919 per QALY. The authors' conclusion: <0>not cost-effective</0>.<1/> Sources: Rothermund, E. et al. (2025), Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, December 2025 (efficacy); Mulfinger, N., Waldmann, T., Herold, R. et al. (2026), Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics 29(1), 23-35 (health economics). Recruitment September 2021 to January 2023 at five German centres.<2/> Basis: n = 550 employees in Germany, twelve months of follow-up.<3/> Method: multicentre randomised controlled trial with a psychotherapeutic consultation hour in the workplace; clinical secondary endpoints improved markedly.<4/> Why this figure is on this page: it is the best-powered German study on mental health at work, it chose absence as its primary endpoint, and it found no effect. No German corporate health management provider cites it. Anyone who claims the evidence for themselves must also cite this part.<5/> The second major German study reaches the same result: the cluster-randomised trial <6>SEEGEN</6> (mental health at work in hospitals, 18 clusters, n = 415) found no statistically significant effect after eleven months, neither on the primary endpoint (Irritation Scale) nor on the secondary endpoints; the effect size was <7>d = 0.18</7>. No health-economic evaluation, no absence endpoint. Source: Mulfinger, N., Jarczok, M. N., Müller, A. et al. (2025), PLOS ONE 20(8), e0330490, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0330490, trial register DRKS00017249.","m29bmeol4ugt":"How do European establishments deal with psychosocial risks?<0>#</0>","m29bzt5i8rcf":"<0>Every figure appears in a sentence that can be understood on its own</0>, with the number, unit, population, geography and year. No back-references, no 'this value', no 'as above'.","m29flbovu0ns":"<0>Copy link with inputs</0><1>Print or save as PDF</1>","m29h2cal8hln":"<0>'€225 billion loss of value added', attributed to BAuA.</0> The €225 billion comes from the same 2011 study for the reference year 2009. The BAuA figure for 2024 is €227 billion. The two figures happen to be close, which is why the error is so common.","m29jnzl5q7x3":"<0>AOK/WIdO Fehlzeiten-Report (book)</0>","m29kovmstu2o":"Age-adjusted, days of absence due to mental disorders among TK members of working age have risen by 164% since 2006. In 2025 this diagnosis group accounted for 3.8 days of absence per person of working age, or 20.5% of all absence.<0/>Source: Techniker Krankenkasse, Gesundheitsreport 2026, volume on incapacity for work, data year 2025, published 2026. <1>https://www.tk.de/resource/blob/2214302/78df7e278b4eb9519cf89ef483ecb8a7/gesundheitsreport-au-2026-data.pdf</1><2/>Basis: calendar days, 6.23 million TK members of working age, age-adjusted.<3/>Method: routine data analysis by the aQua-Institut. Women 4.8 against men 3.0 days of absence.","m29nuva8envl":"<0>Randomised studies: ROI 1.8, and over 50% with no savings at all</0>","m2a1mr4wuhxr":"<0>16</0>Change log<1>#</1>","m2a39gm4qwk2":"Are mental illnesses now the most common reason for a sick note?<0>#</0>","m2a84s6dg2ou":"Are the health insurance funds meeting their own targets?<0>#</0>","m2ajlhrvexqr":"<0>'89% of German companies practise corporate health management.'</0> The figure comes from a self-selected sample skewed towards large employers (only 3.3% under ten employees, 27.2% over a thousand) and cannot be published without this breakdown.","m2am6vvbd0qe":"<0>One pitfall first.</0> For the same year, 2024, the BAuA (in its SuGA report) and the DGUV publish <1>different</1> accident figures: 810,399 against 754,660 reportable accidents at work, 440 against 345 fatal. Both are official. The difference is one of insurance coverage: the SuGA covers the whole of statutory accident insurance, including agricultural accident insurance, while the DGUV statistics cover only its own member institutions. <2>In this section we use the DGUV classification throughout and say so. The two systems must never be mixed in one chart.</2>","m2amfjcxqbtx":"<0>14. Is a risk assessment of mental stress mandatory, and when must employees be offered occupational reintegration management?</0><1/>The risk assessment of mental stress has been mandatory for every employer since 25 October 2013 (Section 5(3) no. 6 ArbSchG), regardless of company size, and the earlier documentation exemption for small businesses lapsed on the same day. Employees must be offered occupational reintegration management (BEM) as soon as they have been unable to work for more than six weeks within a year, whether continuously or cumulatively (Section 167(2) SGB IX).","m2avwkhrjwk0":"How does absence change with age?<0>#</0>","m2b7ilmixctf":"<0>18 of 978, or 2%</0>","m2bacwzscy0d":"<0>The WHO statement '12 billion working days / US$1 trillion' as a current WHO measurement.</0> It is a WHO/ILO estimate from 2022 with no source attribution in the fact sheet itself.","m2bi32pekmp":"<0>All screenings</0>","m2biejf7c0d5":"<0>Queries.</0> For individual figures, you can reach us at info@health-prime.ch or +41 44 250 28 71 (Health Prime AG, Wollerau, Switzerland).","m2bodi8japqv":"<0>EU-OSHA, ESENER</0>","m2brp9gjsf14":"Update calendar<0>#</0>","m2c0k8hps44d":"<0>68.6%</0>","m2c2jeqh1vus":"<0>After more than six weeks of incapacity for work in a year</0>","m2c5uo2uw236":"<0>1</0>Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared<1>#</1>","m2catp5ojce5":"<0>And as a general principle</0>","m2chs8dveg50":"<0>Pharmacogenetics</0>","m2ci5z1jxwkk":"What role does the electronic sick note play in the rise since 2022?<0>#</0>","m2cisyhjyu9u":"<0>11. In which industries and federal states is the sickness absence rate highest?</0><1/>By industry, days of incapacity in 2024 ranged from 14.3 days (information and communication) to 26.3 days (public and other service providers, education and health; BAuA). By federal state, the sickness absence rate of AOK members in 2025 ranged from 5.6% (Berlin) to 7.5% (Saxony-Anhalt and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania; WIdO).","m2citv3scek2":"Sickness absence among employed AOK members in 2025 ranged from 5.6% in Berlin to 7.5% in Saxony-Anhalt and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg each stood at 5.8%.<0/> Source: Scientific Institute of the AOK (WIdO), Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2025, press release of 16 March 2026, data year 2025. <1>https://www.wido.de/news-presse/pressemitteilungen/2026/fehlzeiten-bilanz-2025-leichter-rueckgang-der-krankheitstage-weiterhin-hohe-ausfallzeiten-wegen-langzeiterkrankungen/</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, around 14.9 million employed AOK members, broken down by federal state.<3/> Method: analysis of WIdO routine data. This is the only regional breakdown of sickness absence in Germany; it covers AOK members only.","m2d0r06nimki":"<0>'€400 to €500 per sick day' and similar figures.</0> They come exclusively from provider, broker and HR blogs, with no primary source and no method.","m2d5mg9bwllv":"<0/><1>Show sensitivity: cost impact per day of absence</1>","m2dcdbrnvb5q":"With 8,897 recognitions from 19,310 reports, noise-induced hearing loss (BK 2301) was the most frequently recognised occupational disease in Germany in 2024 and accounted for 33.2% of all recognitions; 308 new pensions were awarded as a result.<0/> Source: DGUV: Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: recognised occupational diseases of DGUV member institutions.<3/> Method: full register. Recognitions under BK 2301 rose steadily from 5,606 in 2010 to 8,897 in 2024.<4/> Correction to a circulating figure: the figure '6,637 recognitions BK 2301' refers to 2022 and is not current.<5/> Why this matters for corporate health management: noise protection is a measure an employer can put in place directly.","m2dkffdzrezw":"<0><1>15</1>14. Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why</0>","m2dm6uehv53s":"<0>From a 2001 US literature review, via a chain of three reports</0>","m2dn58nz03m6":"What is the loss of gross value added?<0>#</0>","m2dpnwvmwegg":"In 2024, 64% of employees in Germany reported frequently handling several tasks at once (2018: 60%), 45% frequent disturbances and interruptions (46), 43% heavy deadline or performance pressure (48), 31% having to work very fast (34) and 15% working at the limit of their capacity (16).<0/> Source: Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, press release 07/25 of 24 February 2025, results of the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024, data year 2024. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Services/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2025/02/pm07-25</1><2/> Basis: employees in Germany, response category 'frequently'.<3/> Method: BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024, a representative cross-sectional survey of around 20,000 people in employment aged 15 and over working at least ten hours a week, CATI, dual-frame sample. Eighth wave of the series (2006, 2012, 2018, 2024).<4/> The exhaustion finding from the same survey: <5>52%</5> of employees in whom all the features of high work intensity occur frequently together report physical and emotional exhaustion; over 80% of those who work at the limit of their capacity find this stressful; 32% find handling several tasks at once stressful. Self-reported; exhaustion in the sense of this survey is not a diagnosis.<6/> The BAuA's assessment: the rise in subjective strain stopped after 2018 and did not continue in 2024. We publish this finding although it contradicts the usual market narrative. It does not weaken the case for corporate health management, because the exhaustion finding supports it on its own.","m2dsjwcg1j93":"<0/><1>Show indirect cost scenario</1>","m2dwe7swa5nf":"<0>68.3%</0>","m2dy39vyk9fv":"According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 12 billion working days a year are lost worldwide to depression and anxiety, at a productivity cost of around US$1 trillion a year.<0/> Source: World Health Organization, fact sheet 'Mental health at work', last updated 2 September 2024. <1>https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-at-work</1>. Origin of the figure: WHO/ILO policy brief 'Mental health at work' of 28 September 2022. <2>https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/c920460c-9dab-4f9a-ab36-8a83359b35c1/content</2><3/> Basis: worldwide, all people in employment.<4/> Method: <5>the fact sheet itself does not name a source for this figure.</5> The 2022 policy brief cites Chisholm et al. (2016), IHME 2019, ILO 2018 and ILO 2022, among others, as its basis. We have not checked the derivation chain back to the original calculation.<6/> Usage note: we cite the figure as a <7>WHO/ILO estimate from 2022 that the WHO continues to publish in this form in the fact sheet of 2 September 2024</7>, not as a current measurement.","m2dy8fxx8gl5":"<0>881.5 million</0>","m2ef10dyx1jk":"Press releases and press tables are free. <0>The Fehlzeiten-Report (Springer book) is not open access.</0> This page builds exclusively on the free Fehlzeiten-Bilanz","m2eg76piuwvq":"<0>On the sickness absence rate</0>","m2ej6dsbudqw":"<0><1>14</1>13. Methodology and updates</0>","m2emqb17gnkt":"<0>Direct costs of illness (€491.6 billion)</0>","m2eqqvo42fwf":"What do mental illnesses cost the national economy?<0>#</0>","m2erb11zvpnn":"<0>Techniker Krankenkasse, Gesundheitsreport</0>","m2etgovsit5i":"<0>SEEGEN (Mulfinger et al.)</0>","m2etn8m4i7qj":"<0>ifaa</0>","m2exw28xva0y":"<0>€85.6 billion</0><1>Continued payment of wages during sickness, 2025</1><2>IW Köln</2>","m2eysumkh9d0":"A misattribution we correct here<0>#</0>","m2f17wujc6gs":"<0>27.8%, measured 2008 to 2011</0>","m2f3kow5nv14":"<0>65% of establishments with a risk assessment, which is around 44% of all establishments</0>","m2fo37ae3g3s":"<0>The short answer: the evidence is limited, it is mostly American, and the best studies find the smallest effects.</0> We publish it in full anyway, because in this field a figure without its range is worthless, and because virtually every German competitor publishes the mean without the range.","m2fs0k4qa584":"<0>1. What is the current sickness absence rate in Germany?</0><1/>In 2025, employees in Germany were reported sick for an average of 14.6 working days, and 5.9% were reported sick on an annual average (Federal Statistical Office, data year 2025, page updated July 2026). The health insurance funds publish different figures on a different basis, see Section 1.","m2fv5n6tgoa5":"What sickness absence rate does the AOK report?<0>#</0>","m2g2uaekqlz0":"In 2025 labour costs per hour worked in Germany were €45.00 (2024: €43.50).<0/> Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, press release no. 148 of 29 April 2026, labour cost survey (Arbeitskostenerhebung), data year 2025. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2026/04/PD26_148_624.html</1><2/> Basis: <3>hours worked</3>, whole economy excluding agriculture and forestry.<4/> Method: labour cost index of the Federal Statistical Office.<5/><6>Why the widespread calculation '8 hours times €45 equals €360 per day of absence' is conceptually wrong:</6> the hourly figure is obtained by dividing annual labour costs by the hours <7>actually worked</7>. Absence has already been taken out of it. Anyone who multiplies it by eight counts absence twice. The correct wage-based figure is the BAuA value of €152, because it spreads employee compensation over working years rather than over hours worked.","m2g4kdyf0hqh":"<0>14.3 to 26.3 days of incapacity</0>","m2gdhe6c0xqq":"<0>28,142</0>","m2gg5km40u14":"<0>€7.52 per insured person (statutory base value)</0>","m2gjynkfy3z5":"<0>Corporate health management in figures: Switzerland 2026</0>","m2k9cwzr5v9":"<0>2024</0>","m2uf07baice":"<0>10. How long does a sick note for mental illness last on average?</0><1/>28.5 calendar days for AOK members and 42.1 calendar days for Barmer members (data year 2025 in each case), the longest case duration of any diagnosis group in both populations.","m377yly43v8":"<0>21 versus 22 days of absence, no significant effect, not cost-effective</0>","m40r68fi0xf":"<0>6.0</0>","m42tq9mpng7":"<0>9</0>Germany in international comparison<1>#</1>","m4h29f3ci7h":"<0>5.08%, 18.5 days of absence</0>","m53d92yaicw":"<0><1>7</1>6. Accidents at work and occupational diseases</0>","m5c8sunf36b":"<0>Establishments</0> with measures beyond their legal obligations","m5hzzkzfo5s":"<0>5.6 to 7.5%</0>","m5jpozw09k4":"We <0>do not</0> state an ROI for your company and <1>do not</1> build an ROI calculator. A calculator that multiplies a planned investment by a literature factor produces a figure with no basis. The absence cost calculator in section 3 only calculates <2>costs</2>, because costs follow from verifiable inputs. How much a measure saves is an empirical question, and the German evidence does not answer it.","m5jv559wzg4":"<0>754,660 reportable accidents at work</0>","m5okhm70dhw":"The report's overall verdict, quoted: 'Despite the predominantly positive results, however, the often low quality of the studies included means that the evidence can only be described as <0>limited</0>.' And: 'controlled and randomised studies [show] a lower to no economic benefit compared with methodologically less robust studies.'<1/> To put the maximum in context: the value of 15.6 comes from <2>a</2> US school district with around 6,000 employees. The highest sector mean, 4.7 for banks, rests on <3>two</3> studies.<4/> The European subset, from the same source: the report assesses the picture from the five studies conducted in the EU as 'indifferent', yet they reach an average <5>ROI of 1.7</5>.","m6bjus3aqvr":"<0>The fall in risk assessment from 98 to 91% among establishments with 250 or more employees.</0> BAuA itself states that the case numbers (n = 53 and 48) are too small for a comparison.","m6ctybtze8o":"<0>3</0>2. Absence in Germany","m6frqg4nxit":"<0>Menu</0><1><2/></1>","m6jfbtbrll2":"<0>AOK / WIdO, Fehlzeiten-Bilanz</0>","m6p4ui4prep":"In the first half of 2026, mental illness became the most common reason for a sick note among DAK members for the first time, rising 9% while respiratory illnesses fell 21%; the sickness absence rate stood at 5.3%.<0/> Source: DAK-Gesundheit, press release of 20 July 2026, half-year analysis, data period January to June 2026. <1>https://www.dak.de/presse/bundesthemen/gesundheitsreport/krankenstand-im-ersten-halbjahr-2026-leicht-gesunken_223354</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, around 2.2 million employed DAK members, half-year figure.<3/> Method: routine data analysis by the IGES Institut.<4/> Caveat: a half-year figure from a single insurer. It is an early indicator, not an annual statement about Germany.","m6sune0ibdi":"Of the establishments reached by the health insurance funds' workplace health promotion in 2024, 4% had 1 to 9 employees, 20% had 10 to 49, 18% had 50 to 99, 20% had 100 to 249, 15% had 250 to 499, 14% had 500 to 1,499 and 11% had 1,500 or more.<0/> Source: GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst Bund (eds) (2025), Präventionsbericht 2025, Berichtsjahr 2024, Figure 33. <1>https://www.gkv-spitzenverband.de/media/dokumente/krankenversicherung_1/praevention__selbsthilfe__beratung/praevention/praeventionsbericht/2025_GKV_MD_Praventionsbericht_barrierefrei.pdf</1><2/> Basis: distribution of the establishments and sites reached by size class, <3>not</3> the share of each size class that has workplace health promotion.<4/> Method: workplace health promotion documentation of the health insurance funds.<5/> Distribution by sector in 2024: other services 27%, manufacturing 25%, health and social care 18%, public administration 9%, trade 9%, education 5%, construction 3%, energy, water and waste management 2%, hospitality 1%.","m71l5rqte3x":"What does the World Health Organization say?<0>#</0>","m75ndasd12h":"<0>Stiftung Deutsche Depressionshilfe, Deutschland-Barometer Depression</0>","m7bsh5onw8s":"<0>SuGA and DGUV accident figures in one series.</0> Different scope of insurance, both official. We use the DGUV classification throughout and name it.","m7dy0m25qrq":"<0>Any claim that small businesses are exempt from documenting the risk assessment.</0> Repealed on 25 October 2013.","m7hv031sok2":"The formula circulating in the German market can be traced all the way back: iga.Report 13 (2008) cites iga.Report 3 (2003), which cites Aldana (2001), a US literature review, and that review rests on three US studies reported in US dollars, two quasi-experimental and one purely correlational, all from before 2001. <0>No German data appear in this chain.</0> Nor does the range exist as such: iga.Report 13 writes '1:2.5 <1>or</1> 1:4.85', that is two separate study results, not a range.<2/> Sources: Sockoll, I., Kramer, I. and Bödeker, W. (2008), iga.Report 13, 1st edition April 2008, ISSN 1612-1988 (overview of all iga reports: <3>https://www.iga-info.de/veroeffentlichungen/igareporte</3>); Kreis, J. and Bödeker, W. (2003), iga.Report 3; Aldana, S. G. (2001), Financial Impact of Health Promotion Programs: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature, American Journal of Health Promotion 15(5), 296-320.<4/> Basis: US dollars, US establishments, reference period before 2001.<5/> Method: HEALTH PRIME traced the sources using the primary documents.<6/><7>The second German ROI tradition leads to the same source.</7> The study 'Vorteil Vorsorge' (Booz & Company for the Felix Burda Stiftung, 2011) gives a range of 'five to 16 euros' and states in footnote 6: 'The sources for the calculation are mainly of US origin and mostly relate to individual case analyses. According to Aldana (2001), the range of return on investment (ROI) lies between 5.3 and 16 USD per dollar invested.' <8>The two apparently independent German ROI traditions both trace back to the same 2001 US literature review.</8> We do not publish either figure as a statement about Germany.","m7q0kh4dtp8":"<0>Health Prime AG</0><1>Samstagernstrasse 55</1><2>8832 Wollerau</2><3>info@health-prime.ch</3><4>+41 44 250 28 71</4><5>WhatsApp Chat</5>","m7qri95w227":"<0>12 billion working days, around US$1 trillion</0>","m7s3c6mnozd":"<0>Data protection in corporate health management</0>","m7xruj1yb8e":"<0>September 2026</0>","m82u7f6nnbt":"What is the accident rate?<0>#</0>","m88risk7yit":"<0><1>13</1>12. List of sources</0>","m89wtd6vumc":"52.0% of the organisations surveyed carried out a risk assessment of mental strain in 2025, 17.9% planned to, 24.6% did not carry one out and 5.5% did not know.<0/> Source: Walter, U. N., Krapf, F., Rees, S.-L. et al. (2025), #whatsnext 2025, IFBG GmbH, Konstanz, with TK and Haufe, published June 2025, fieldwork January to February 2025. <1>https://www.ifbg.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Studienband_whatsnext_2025.pdf</1><2/> Basis: organisations, n = 1,441, self-selected sample weighted towards large employers (for its composition see <3>bgm-reifegrad-whatsnext-2025</3>).<4/> Method: online survey.<5/> Breakdown: public service 56.3% against private-sector companies 49.8%; established companies 54.8% against start-ups 22.8%.<6/> The study's own assessment: 'Looking at the results of the #whatsnext 2022 study, it becomes clear that the starting position is virtually unchanged and that over the last three years no more companies have started to meet their legal obligation.'<7/><8>Why this is the most commercially important figure on this page:</8> the obligation has applied to <9>every</9> employer since 25 October 2013, regardless of establishment size (Section 5(3) no. 6 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, ArbSchG). Even in a sample made up mainly of large organisations, only around half comply, and the share has not moved since 2022.","m8b25fmq5ml":"<0>'Reproduction, including in extracts, is permitted only with express permission.'</0> No suggested citation available. Quote figures in running text, rebuild tables yourself, and seek permission for reproductions (info@dguv.de)","m8rtp9894nr":"<0>5</0>Presenteeism: what is established and what is not<1>#</1>","m8yprql56zs":"What sickness absence rate does Barmer report?<0>#</0>","m924gdfn9lk":"<0>Destatis, 'Qualität der Arbeit: Krankenstand'</0>","m9cesnzjk7m":"<0>68.6%</0>","m9clazmb1h6":"How long does an employer keep paying wages when an employee is ill?<0>#</0>","m9g5cpsqvhw":"<0>Terms and conditions</0>","m9nl0u7myli":"<0>13</0>Methodology and updates<1>#</1>","m9ox2ai1358":"How many organisations run holistic corporate health management?<0>#</0>","ma76k137jrl":"<0>13. How many companies in Germany run workplace health promotion, and how much do the health insurance funds spend on it?</0><1/>There is no single reliable figure. The representative source is the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2024: 53% of <2>employees</2> know of a programme at their workplace, and 58% of them take part. In 2024 the statutory health insurance funds spent around €282.0 million on workplace health promotion, reaching 28,142 establishments, 5% fewer than the year before.","maa1lku89qi":"<0>Express prohibition of text and data mining under Section 44b of the German Copyright Act (UrhG).</0> Quote figures with attribution, do not scrape, do not reuse graphics. <1>The annual update has to be done manually</1>","maieh4ef5b":"<0>'Every €1 spent on corporate health management returns €2.50 to €4.80.'</0> The chain of citations leads from iga.Report 13 (2008) to iga.Report 3 (2003), Aldana (2001) and three US studies in US dollars. No German data. Moreover, the range does not exist in that form: the source writes '1:2.5 <1>and</1> 1:4.85 respectively', two separate study results.","maogor8ojg9":"<0>A share of those who conceal their depression from their employer.</0> No such figure can be found in the materials of the Stiftung Deutsche Depressionshilfe.","maslksduicy":"The age- and sex-standardised sickness absence rate of people in employment insured with Techniker Krankenkasse was 5.08% in 2025, equivalent to 18.5 days of absence per person (2024: 5.23%).<0/>Source: Techniker Krankenkasse, Gesundheitsreport 2026, Teilband Arbeitsunfähigkeiten, data year 2025, published 2026. <1>https://www.tk.de/resource/blob/2214302/78df7e278b4eb9519cf89ef483ecb8a7/gesundheitsreport-au-2026-data.pdf</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, 6.23 million economically active people insured with TK, around 17.3% of all employees subject to social insurance contributions, standardised by age and sex.<3/>Method: analysis of routine data from TK incapacity-for-work notifications by the aQua Institute, Göttingen. In total 10.59 million cases of incapacity and 119.72 million days of absence.<4/>Note: the TK press table gives 18.6 days, the report itself the standardised value of 18.5. We use the report value and state the standardisation.","mb145lvpcoa":"<0>8</0>Is corporate health management worth it? What the evidence says about ROI<1>#</1>","mb8nctqcrt2":"<0>'27.8% of adults have a mental illness' without the survey period.</0> It is a measurement from DEGS1 with a fieldwork period of <1>2008 to 2011</1>. We always give the period in the same sentence.","mbfex4jd1rb":"<0>+164% since 2006</0>","mbgbp4sus6p":"<0>73% employee satisfaction</0>","mbi6kiuz1hf":"<0>11</0>Frequently asked questions<1>#</1>","mbiym6677x0":"<0>gb-psych-whatsnext-2025</0>","mbl9w1o9dcu":"How widespread is presenteeism in Germany?<0>#</0>","mbx6xnwok4n":"The sickness absence rate of BKK members averaged 5.83% over 2025 (2024: 5.90%).<0/>Source: BKK Dachverband, monatlicher Krankenstand, press release of 19 February 2026, data year 2025. <1>https://www.bkk-dachverband.de/statistik/monatlicher-krankenstand</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, compulsory BKK members entitled to sickness benefit.<3/>Method: monthly analysis of BKK membership data. This is the most quickly updated German sickness absence series.<4/>Note: this monthly series must not be mixed with the BKK Dachverband's report series. The BKK Gesundheitsreport 2025 gives a sickness absence rate of 6.1% and 22.3 days of incapacity per employee for data year 2024, on a different calculation basis.","mc57ml1lsq8":"Which occupational disease is recognised most often in Germany?<0>#</0>","mc5sjm3hj40":"Source value<0>Destatis 2025, working days</0>","mc9o5nlhjqi":"<0>Federal Ministry of Health, statutory health insurance statistics KM1</0>","mcenkqvhph":"<0>1.8</0>","mch4wqls7de":"<0>'All rights reserved. Reprinting, including in extracts, only with prior written permission.'</0> Quote figures, reprint nothing","mclf034zhxr":"<0>15</0>14. Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why","mcxfueqluy3":"<0><1>16</1>15. Citing this page</0>","md0l4h8d9i0":"<0>Health Prime AG</0><1>Samstagernstrasse 55</1><2>8832 Wollerau, Switzerland</2><3>Phone +41 44 250 28 71</3><4>info@health-prime.ch</4>","md5az77m3qq":"What this page therefore does not do<0></0>","md7c3sqomcm":"Method of the projection, disclosed: indexing the base value of €7.52 to the monthly reference amount West under Section 18(1) SGB IV (2019: €3,115; 2024: 3,535; 2025: 3,745; 2026: 3,955). For 2024 this method exactly reproduces the officially printed value (7.52 times 3,535 divided by 3,115 gives 8.534), which supports the method. <0>The rows for 2025 and 2026 nevertheless remain a calculation, not a source.</0>","mdgj0lfonq6":"<0>New screenings for 2026</0>","mdk19tkuyjs":"<0>2</0>1. Which sickness absence figure is right? The sources compared","mdmhqnl7xac":"For macroeconomic arguments. <0>For the savings of an individual business, it overstates by around 70%.</0>","mdtds95o3cm":"<0>5.4%, 19.5 days of absence</0>","mdu0r5y5j9y":"This is the <0>only sickness absence series the federal government itself publishes</0>. It is monthly and free of charge, yet practically absent from German corporate health management websites, because it is buried in a PDF collection of tables of around 5 MB.","mdw4pwl8x2i":"<0>The complete Destatis time series between 1991 and 2025.</0> Only individual reference years have been checked against the source. The intermediate years will be added only once they have been taken from the IAB working time calculation.","meat61jec30":"<0>July / August</0>","mefzc9z7oow":"How many employees know that their company offers workplace health promotion?<0>#</0>","mepaggcsc0l":"<0>all diagnosis groups</0>","merwjebcz2d":"In 2024, 90,749 suspected cases of occupational disease were reported in Germany and 26,821 occupational diseases were recognised (2023: 145,359 and 72,630); 5,190 new occupational disease pensions were awarded.<0/> Source: DGUV: Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: DGUV member institutions, reporting year of the administrative procedure.<3/> Method: full register of determination procedures.<4/><5>The decline is not a prevention success.</5> It is almost entirely the normalisation after the pandemic: recognitions under BK 3101 (infectious diseases) fell from 54,199 in 2023 to 6,540 in 2024. If BK 3101 is excluded, the picture is unchanged or rising.","meyu40pdmou":"<0>The German Eurostat figure of 25.8% exposure to psychosocial stress as proof that German workplaces are less stressful.</0> Nineteen percentage points below the EU average is a methodological outlier, and Eurostat itself flags the German data with reservations.","mfl05f907zv":"<0>25% do not recognise psychosocial risks as present at all</0>","mfvgkrwaugb":"<0>APA</0>","mg4dwjjpnzz":"Several German websites describe the BAuA's <0>€227 billion</0> as the 'cost of presenteeism'. That is wrong. The €227 billion is the <1>loss of gross value added due to incapacity for work</1> in reporting year 2024, that is, due to <2>absenteeism</2>, valued at gross value added rather than at labour cost (see <3>bruttowertschoepfung-baua-2024</3>).","mg569qpz8sv":"<0>9. What share of days of absence is due to mental illness?</0><1/>16.7% of all days of incapacity in 2024 (BAuA). The figures of the individual funds range from 12.0% (AOK, 2025) to 21.9% (Barmer, 2025). Each is correct for its own group of insured people.","mglz6x8xk1z":"In Germany in 2025, employees with high emotional engagement with their employer reported 5.7 days of absence, employees with low engagement 7.6 days and employees with no engagement 9.7 days, a difference of 41% between the highest and the lowest engagement group.<0/> Source: Gallup (2026), Gallup Engagement Index Deutschland 2025, Gallup GmbH, Berlin, data year 2025, published 12 March 2026. <1>Original document:</1> <2>https://www.gallup.com/file/de/702908/Engagement_Index_Deutschland_2025_Bericht.pdf</2><3/> Basis: <4>self-reported</4> days of absence, <5>excluding people on long-term sick leave of over 90 days</5>, 1,700 telephone interviews, representative of employees in Germany aged 18 and over.<6/> Method: Q12 instrument, fieldwork 17 November to 20 December 2025.<7/><8>A caveat on the comparison belongs in the same paragraph:</8> 5.7 to 9.7 days are far below any health insurance fund figure (18.5 to 23.3 days), because they are self-reports and people on long-term sick leave were excluded. <9>These figures can only be used relative to one another, never as an absolute sickness absence rate.</9><10/> What follows and what does not: it is an <11>association</11>, not a demonstrated causal effect of any measure. It is nonetheless the most usable argument available, because engagement can be shaped within the workplace and because the order of magnitude comes from an independent survey repeated every year.","mgtz7t1a8f0":"In 2024 the statutory health insurance funds in Germany spent €281,956,037 on workplace health promotion under Section 20b of Book V of the German Social Code (SGB V), an increase of 5%, while the number of establishments reached fell by 5% to 28,142 and the number of employees reached directly fell by 6% to 2,064,293.<0/> Source: GKV-Spitzenverband und Medizinischer Dienst Bund (eds) (2025), Präventionsbericht 2025, Berichtsjahr 2024, Berlin and Essen, as at November 2025. <1>https://www.gkv-spitzenverband.de/media/dokumente/krankenversicherung_1/praevention__selbsthilfe__beratung/praevention/praeventionsbericht/2025_GKV_MD_Praventionsbericht_barrierefrei.pdf</1><2/> Basis: expenditure under Section 20b SGB V, establishments and sites reached, employees reached directly, calendar year.<3/> Method: full survey based on the health insurance funds' workplace health promotion documentation.<4/><5>The report itself states two caveats, and they should always accompany the figure.</5> First, the €281,956,037 includes <6>€17,352,057 of unspent funds</6> transferred to the GKV-Spitzenverband for the workplace health promotion coordination offices under Section 20b(4) SGB V. Around 6% of the total is therefore not money spent in workplaces. Second, <7>around 44% of the documentation forms gave no figure for the employees reached</7>, which the report says leads to an underestimate. <8>The figure of 2,064,293 is therefore not a complete count.</8><9/> Also in 2024: 11,777 incapacity-for-work profiles and workplace health reports, 134 cross-company networks and partnerships.<10/> Total spending, from the same source: in 2024 the statutory health insurance funds spent a total of <11>€686,182,779</11> on services under Sections 20, 20a and 20b SGB V, that is <12>€9.21 per insured person</12> (2023: €630,579,435 and €8.49), an increase of 8%. Of this, €185,816,888 (€2.49) went on settings-based prevention under Section 20a and €218,409,854 (€2.93) on individual behavioural prevention. In total 12,819,485 people were reached.","mgxvtlnl5wz":"Is the risk assessment of mental strain mandatory?<0>#</0>","mh6pfkpcyvd":"<0>16.7%</0>","mh80h2t39zm":"<0>GKV-Spitzenverband and Medizinischer Dienst Bund, Präventionsbericht</0>","mh8izs4em1v":"<0>€54,066 median, €64,441 mean</0>","mhdio1ii9y1":"<0>krankenstand-destatis-2025</0>","mhj1hx71pi9":"The absence cost calculator<0></0>","mhkrdfnrosn":"<0>53% of employees</0>","mhvb8xg81lo":"<0>€45.00 per hour worked, and no</0>","mi4kditojh7":"<0>€227 billion</0>","mi7q1mxoyk":"<0>Destatis, Labour Cost Survey</0>","miatepi2707":"<0>4</0>Mental health at work<1>#</1>","mig1y81z0ma":"<0>au-tage-gesamt-baua-2024</0>","mij6lpya1yl":"<0><1>1</1>Summary: the key figures at a glance</0>","mimfiuh3raq":"68% of establishments in Germany carried out a risk assessment in the 2023/24 survey, up from 52% in 2015. Around a third of establishments do not carry one out.<0/> Source: Grün, F. C. (2025), Bericht zur Betriebs- und Beschäftigtenbefragung 2023/24, Geschäftsstelle der Nationalen Arbeitsschutzkonferenz c/o BAuA, as at 31 March 2025, published 24 June 2025; values cross-checked in BAuA, Arbeitswelt im Wandel: Zahlen, Daten, Fakten, Ausgabe 2026, pp. 75-76. <1>https://www.gda-portal.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/25-06-24-Bericht-Betriebsbefragung.pdf</1><2/> Basis: establishments in Germany, representative.<3/> Method: GDA establishment and employee survey 2023/2024, telephone survey by infas, n = 3,817 establishments and n = 3,824 employees subject to social insurance contributions, fieldwork September 2023 to June 2024.","miu9tn4mh0e":"How many employees are there in Germany?<0>#</0>","miwtx6h40r8":"<0>686,182,779</0>","mj5wcxpdzm2":"<0>On the ROI question</0>","mjbrqwxdyyh":"In 2024 each day of incapacity for work in Germany caused a productivity loss of €152 and a loss of gross value added of €258.<0/> Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: whole-economy average across all sectors, 881.5 million days of incapacity.<3/> Method: total cost of absence divided by days of incapacity. By sector, the productivity loss per day of incapacity ranges from €77 to €267.<4/> Calculated per year and per person: €3,177 productivity loss and €5,376 loss of gross value added per employee, at 20.8 days of incapacity, same source and same basis.<5/> Caveat: this is a <6>macroeconomic average</6>, not the cost calculation of an individual business.","mjj939gx4hc":"Swiss key figures: <0>health-prime.ch/bgm-zahlen-schweiz</0> (Swiss website; the two sets of figures are not converted into one another)","mjqt6x0k89e":"<0><1>10</1>9. Germany in international comparison</0>","mjrjrvf9d6g":"<0>A 'share of establishments with corporate health management' from the IAB Establishment Panel.</0> The circulating figure of 27% dates from 2012 and is too old for a page written in 2026.","mk90up0if3j":"Default: full-time median €54,066 (Destatis 2025). The mean of €64,441 overstates the costs of a typical business. <0>Use mean</0> <1>Use median</1>","mk97owtrxao":"At what company size is an occupational safety committee required?<0>#</0>","mk9amtbzp27":"<0>28.5 to 42.1 days per case</0>","mkf524gidfn":"<0>Destatis, Microcensus</0>","mksmrrofwjv":"<0>281,956,037</0>","mkxa9s648tc":"Under Section 87(1) of the Works Constitution Act (BetrVG), the works council has a right of <0>co-determination</0> on rules on the prevention of accidents at work and occupational diseases and on health protection within the framework of statutory provisions and accident prevention regulations (Section 87(1) no. 7 BetrVG). The same applies to company pay structures and, of particular practical relevance to corporate health management, to the introduction and use of technical devices capable of monitoring behaviour or performance (Section 87(1) no. 6 BetrVG).<1/>Source: Section 87 BetrVG, accessed September 2026. <2>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/betrvg/__87.html</2><3/> In practice, this means that in corporate health management projects the works council has a say in how the risk assessment is designed, in workplace health programmes that collect data and in digital health applications. A works agreement is also the right instrument for creating the legal basis under data protection law (Art. 88 GDPR).","mlbocsnav90":"Which establishments do the health insurance funds' programmes reach?<0>#</0>","mlhhref2ups":"<0>About us</0>","mlvpny4zskm":"Employees in Germany were reported sick for an average of 14.6 working days in 2025.<0/>Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Krankenstand (Qualität der Arbeit, Dimension 2), data year 2025, page as at July 2026. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Arbeit/Arbeitsmarkt/Qualitaet-Arbeit/Dimension-2/krankenstand.html</1><2/>Basis: working days, all employees.<3/>Method: working time accounts of the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), full survey based on the national accounts.<4/>Note from the Federal Statistical Office that should travel with this figure: sick notes are generally issued only from the third day, so short illnesses are under-recorded, and the rise since 2022 is largely due to the electronic sick note introduced on 1 January 2022.","mly0h43d1hv":"How has workplace health promotion funding developed since the Prevention Act?<0>#</0>","mmdyunlzb3j":"What sickness absence rate does DAK-Gesundheit report?<0>#</0>","mmgtv9g0a5v":"<0>Workshops and seminars</0>","mml9r2wx4z7":"<0>'Every euro spent on prevention pays off with €5 to €16.'</0> A US dollar range from Aldana (2001), cited in footnote 6 of a 2011 consultancy study. The same original source as item 1.","mmu8am0g80k":"What does a day of absence cost the national economy?<0>#</0>","mn029b6uok1":"<0>Early November</0>","mn1urs3spd8":"What does incapacity for work cost the national economy?<0>#</0>","mn5j9aa1vpl":"<0>IAB, Linked Personnel Panel and IAB-Forum</0>","mn83extcfch":"<0>Loss of gross value added (€258 per day of incapacity)</0>","mn9n4qyyp65":"<0>8. What is the cost of incapacity for work to the German economy?</0><1/>€134 billion in production loss (3.0% of gross national income) and €227 billion in loss of gross value added (5.1%) in 2024 (BAuA). BAuA itself describes these figures as a preventive potential that assumes every case could be avoided. They are not savings you could realistically achieve.","mn9pfua03df":"<0>Attendance times under the revised DGUV Regulation 2.</0> It comes into force separately for each accident insurance provider; there is no nationwide figure.","mnqirq948tk":"The mix-up has an identifiable cause: the study 'Vorteil Vorsorge' by Booz & Company for the Felix Burda Stiftung (2011) gives a loss of value added of <1>€225 billion</1> for reference year <0>2009</0>. Two entirely different calculations from different decades happen to lie two billion apart. <2>For Germany: €227 billion is the BAuA figure for reporting year 2024, and it measures absenteeism. Anything else comes from a different study.</2>","mnwsoamhbvd":"Days of incapacity per employee in 2024 ranged from 14.3 days in the information and communication sector to 26.3 days in public and other services, education and health.<0/>Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, Berichtsjahr 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, GKV member-years, broken down by sector under the WZ 2008 classification.<3/>Method: as above. Production loss costs per day of incapacity range across the same breakdown from €77 to €267.","mojokuik2gf":"<0>'184 days of absence per 100 insured people due to mental illness in the first half of 2026' from DAK.</0> The figure is in circulation, but is not in the press release of 20 July 2026. It will appear here only once the primary document supports it.","mopcm6k13l0":"Among employees worried about their job, 75% went to work sick at least once in 2016, against 66% of those who felt secure; among those dissatisfied with their work it was 80%, against 66% of those who were satisfied. <0/>Source: Dietrich, A. S. and Hiesinger, K. (2020), IAB-Forum of 17 January 2020, data year 2016. <1>https://iab-forum.de/krank-zur-arbeit-praesentismus-ist-in-deutschland-weit-verbreitet/</1><2/> Basis: employees, self-reported, subgroups by job security and job satisfaction.<3/> Method: Linked Personnel Panel, wave 2016/17.<4/> Context: associations, not causal effects. The finding is nonetheless useful for designing programmes, because both drivers can be influenced by the employer.","mp2q3bvax6h":"<0>7</0>6. Accidents at work and occupational diseases","mp4nw5ypos5":"How many establishments carry out a risk assessment at all?<0>#</0>","mpnevhyki76":"How common are mental illnesses in the adult population?<0>#</0>","mq3y45prxcr":"<0>8</0>7. How widespread are corporate health management and workplace health promotion in Germany, and who pays for them?","mq4bpffik9r":"<0>52.0%</0>","mq5ws52ymon":"<0>€38 billion in indirect costs</0>","mq9zuen634g":"<0>estg-600-euro</0>","mqtrjqrmaw6":"<0>6</0>5. Presenteeism: what is established and what is not","mqwal1vovpm":"Studies with a randomised controlled design give a mean ROI of 1.8, with more than 50% of them showing no savings; studies of low or medium quality, by contrast, average 3.0.<0/> Source: Barthelmes, I. et al. (2019), iga.Report 40, Figure 3, page 63, published November 2019. <1>https://www.iga-info.de/fileadmin/redakteur/Veroeffentlichungen/iga_Reporte/Dokumente/iga-Report_40_Wirksamkeit_und_Nutzen_Gesundheitsfoerderung_Praevention.pdf</1><2/> Basis: 47 ROI values, stratified.<3/> Method: stratification of the values taken from Baxter et al. (2014).","mqy1c96ms95":"Has work intensity increased in Germany?<0>#</0>","mqzrdkplde5":"<0>€491.6 billion</0>","mr56g8wmdo7":"How much must a health insurance fund spend on prevention per insured person?<0>#</0>","mr9mji3ay5f":"In which sectors is the sickness absence rate highest?<0>#</0>","mrczxs2cnlu":"<0/><1>A: National benchmark (BAuA daily rates)</1>","mrenpeqxh3f":"How many establishments also assess mental strain as part of it?<0>#</0>","mrj4z1rzu74":"<0>The Swiss sister page.</0> You will find the corresponding Swiss figures at <1>health-prime.ch/bgm-zahlen-schweiz</1>. We deliberately do not convert figures from one page to the other: Swiss and German absence statistics use different survey systems, legal bases and currencies.","mrkpaibzy3a":"<0>Vein screening</0>","mrojgs81usw":"<0>5.66% (own calculation)</0>","mrw1p1019yr":"Why this page gives some figures twice<0>#</0>","ms06zzxc6m4":"<0>134.3</0>","ms2j1nfnpb7":"<0>On accidents and occupational diseases</0>","ms6zm455bb9":"<0>There is no current official German cost figure for presenteeism. We therefore do not publish one.</0>","msbfpgyy13p":"<0>The fall in recognised occupational diseases from 2023 to 2024 as a prevention success.</0> It is the normalisation of COVID recognitions under BK 3101.","mso8sr8cfuk":"<0>Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund</0>","msp1t7m2fjb":"<0>First place on one measure, mid-table on the other</0>","mspcu7aol7j":"What, then, is the case that holds up?<0>#</0>","msxg364cmi0":"<0>More than 20 employees</0>","mt9wvlmvclm":"The sickness absence rate among AOK-insured people in employment was 6.4% in 2025, equivalent to 23.3 days of incapacity per employee (2024: 23.9 days; peak in 2022: 24.5 days).<0/>Source: Wissenschaftliches Institut der AOK (WIdO), Fehlzeiten-Bilanz 2025, press release of 16 March 2026, data year 2025. <1>https://www.wido.de/news-presse/pressemitteilungen/2026/fehlzeiten-bilanz-2025-leichter-rueckgang-der-krankheitstage-weiterhin-hohe-ausfallzeiten-wegen-langzeiterkrankungen/</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, around 14.9 million AOK-insured people in employment, not standardised.<3/>Method: analysis of routine data by WIdO. WIdO itself points out that the high level since 2022 is largely a statistical effect of the introduction of the electronic sick note (eAU).","mtdufp9vf11":"<0>75% versus 66%</0>","mtlieh75g7h":"<0>16</0>15. Citing this page","mtnzupxvkam":"<0>CC BY-ND 4.0.</0> The only German health insurance fund source whose material may be redistributed commercially, with attribution and without alteration. Exception: the interactive Berufsatlas, all rights reserved","mtu78ktzg51":"<0>4.16 to 6.73%, monthly</0>","mu0jena6z4q":"<0>1.7% of gross domestic product per year</0>","mu4gju7yfrd":"<0>100%</0>","mu96whdd36f":"<0>Destatis, national accounts employment figures</0>","muflrwa29jd":"<0>20.8</0><1>Days of incapacity per employee (calendar days), 2024</1><2>BAuA</2>","murv7jo5zpg":"<0>iga (Initiative Gesundheit und Arbeit)</0>","muyjb5qo7fa":"There is <0>no</0> single reliable figure for how many German companies practise corporate health management. What exist are three measurements, each with a different unit and a different sample quality:","mv33q14sd3m":"Days of absence: <0/>","mv5yz3er73h":"<0>psyche-anteil-baua-2024</0>","mvdwazw7j8a":"<0>BibTeX</0>","mvvt0082lcq":"<0>Felix Burda Stiftung / Booz & Company (2011), 'Vorteil Vorsorge'</0>","mw6jmxp2wlm":"<0>No figure appears on this page without five pieces of information:</0>","mw712bbmgbn":"<0>randomised controlled</0>","mw7ckiro39k":"In 2024 the accident rate at work in Germany was 17.27 reportable accidents per 1,000 full-time equivalents (2023: 18.09; 2015: 21.98; 2010: 25.84; 2002: 31.2).<0/> Source: DGUV: Statistik. Arbeitsunfallgeschehen 2024. Berlin, October 2025. Webcode p022802. <1>https://publikationen.dguv.de/statistiken/arbeitsunfallgeschehen/5157/arbeitsunfallgeschehen-2024</1><2/> Basis: per 1,000 full-time equivalents. The DGUV no longer uses the term 'Vollarbeiter' (full-time worker) that was formerly common.<3/> Method: full register, based on the full-time equivalents reported by the institutions.<4/> Fatal accidents and commuting accidents, same source and same data year: <5>345 fatal accidents at work</5> in the workplace (2023: 381; 2015: 470; 2010: 519), a rate of 2.4 per 1 million full-time equivalents and thus a historic low; in addition 173,483 reportable commuting accidents (rate 3.10 per 1,000 insured relationships) and 215 fatal commuting accidents.","mw90kig5wg8":"<0>Citing a single metric.</0> Every metric has a permanent anchor. Please name <1>both</1> sources, the primary source and this page:","mwffgzqn5qv":"Why do the statutory health insurance funds report such different shares for mental illness?<0>#</0>","mwjecfohgq":"n = 20,006, representative. <0>The most reliable figure.</0>","mwn197k4rh5":"<0>5.83%</0>","mwps1oocnf5":"In which federal states is the sickness absence rate highest?<0>#</0>","mwqg5px5oyz":"How long does a sick note for mental illness last?<0>#</0>","mwrbinyxl0k":"<0>'All rights reserved. No part of the study volume may be reproduced or distributed without the written permission of those responsible for the study.'</0> The most restrictive source in the register. Individual figures only, under the quotation right (Section 51 UrhG); no charts","mwtbnhfjbma":"<0>Contact</0><1><2/></1>","mx3kb9rcnxi":"This is not a gap in our research. It is the state of the German data. What exists is a robust <0>prevalence figure</0> from a federal research institute. Other figures in circulation are estimates from a 2011 consultancy study (reference year 2009), which itself calls its method an 'approximate calculation' and rests on a qualitative survey of just over twenty companies.","mxe70m44gn8":"In 2024, musculoskeletal disorders accounted for 171.3 million days of incapacity for work (19.4%), diseases of the respiratory system for 159.2 million (18.1%), mental and behavioural disorders for 147.3 million (16.7%) and injuries for 82.3 million (9.3%).<0/> Source: BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit, reporting year 2024, download from www.baua.de/suga. <1>https://www.baua.de/DE/Themen/Monitoring-Evaluation/Zahlen-Daten-Fakten/Kosten-der-Arbeitsunfaehigkeit</1><2/> Basis: calendar days, 32.6 million statutory health insurance (GKV) member years, ICD-10 chapters.<3/> Method: aggregation of GKV statistics on incapacity for work.","mxh3jdrs5f6":"<0>73%</0>","mxikjjcp0vb":"<0>Thyroid ultrasound</0>","mxixw80gg9p":"<0>Any averaged German sickness absence rate</0>, and any single fund's figure presented as 'the German sickness absence rate'.","mxl4mok8fyq":"According to administrative OECD data for 2022, Germany ranked first with 24.9 registered days of absence a year, ahead of Czechia (19.2), Norway (18.8), Spain (17.5) and Portugal (8.5). According to the EU Labour Force Survey, a uniform household survey, Germany is mid-table with 3.6 weeks of absence a year, behind Norway (around 6), Finland (5) and Spain (5).<0/> Source: Hildebrandt, S. and Nguyen, T. H. (2026), Internationaler Vergleich von Fehlzeiten und Karenztagen, G+G Wissenschaft, volume 26, issue 1/2026, pages 31-39; project description IGES Institut, published 21 January 2026. <1>https://www.wido.de/fileadmin/Dateien/Dokumente/Publikationen_Produkte/GGW/2026/wido_ggw0126_hildebrandt_nguyen_3.pdf</1><2/> Basis: OECD series of registered days of absence, data year 2022, against the EU Labour Force Survey.<3/> Method: comparative analysis of two data systems by the IGES Institut, published in the journal of the AOK's Scientific Institute.<4/><5>Why the two diverge:</5> the administrative OECD data depend heavily on national reporting obligations, and the German eAU (electronic sick note) records absences more completely than the systems of other countries. The EU Labour Force Survey uses the same household questionnaire in all countries and is therefore more meaningful for a comparison. Germany's top place on the OECD measure reflects its reporting system, not more generous rules or sicker employees.<6/> Caveat: check country values individually in the original publication before reusing them.","mxlfdk6heaw":"<0>€63.3 billion</0>","mxlgr6hylpv":"<0>GKV-Spitzenverband, Leitfaden Prävention</0>","mxqsdupyjuf":"<0>The BKK statistics portal expressly permits use for non-commercial purposes only, with attribution.</0> Interactive graphics and data exports are blocked for a commercial site. Quote individual report figures with attribution","mxvaz2hhm1w":"5.9% of employees in Germany were reported sick on average over 2025, as in the previous year.<0/>Source: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Krankenstand (Qualität der Arbeit, Dimension 2), data year 2025, page as at July 2026. <1>https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Arbeit/Arbeitsmarkt/Qualitaet-Arbeit/Dimension-2/krankenstand.html</1><2/>Basis: share of employees reported sick, annual average.<3/>Method: IAB working time accounts.","mxxukgj58jd":"<0>2,693 versus 1,744 days of absence per 100 insured</0>","my1303t5t91":"Three figures, three denominators: an honest answer on how widespread it is<0>#</0>","my83ktre4am":"What sickness absence rate does the BKK Dachverband report?<0>#</0>","mya42h7r6gq":"<0><1>9</1>8. Is corporate health management worth it? What the evidence says about ROI</0>","myyejy3y2dj":"<0>'€348 per day lost', from eight hours times the labour cost per hour.</0> Arithmetically traceable, conceptually wrong: the hourly figure refers to <1>hours worked</1>, from which absence has already been deducted.","mz9a7jw1p9s":"<0>14</0>Figures we deliberately do not publish, and why<1>#</1>","mzgyzf0o1e1":"<0>4.5</0>","mzj48zikrit":"<0>Symptom rates from the RKI Mental Health Surveillance presented as the frequency of illness.</0> The DGPPN expressly states that they allow 'no direct conclusions about the prevalence of mental illness'.","mzk3z3l9bdu":"<0>6.4%, 23.3 days of absence</0>","mzr2k2sz0h4":"<0>20.8 days of incapacity</0>","mzzxge2mm2z":"<0>Not open data.</0> Figures only with the prescribed attribution 'BMAS/BAuA (2025): Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit - Berichtsjahr 2024. Download von www.baua.de/suga'. The legal notice reserves all rights and permits only private, non-commercial use without consent; texts are to be linked rather than reproduced; <1>graphics online or for commercial use only with the prior permission of the BAuA information centre</1>","t1fzvydj1vxj":"+{0} {1} {2} {3} {4}","t29tealerxyy":"{0}"}}